ABSTRAK. Cendawan endofit diketahui memiliki kemampuan dalam menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang sering berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan inangnya, seperti meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap kondisi cekaman biotik dan abiotik, maupun meningkatkan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi cendawan endofit yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai terhadap pertumbuhan benih tanaman cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.). Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Rumah Kaca BPTP Jakarta, sejak September 2012 hingga Agustus 2013. Penelitian terdiri atas eksplorasi, uji patogenisitas, dan uji efikasi terhadap cendawan endofit. Eksplorasi cendawan endofit dilakukan terhadap sampel akar tanaman cabai sehat dari daerah Garut (Jawa Barat), yang sering digunakan untuk budidaya tanaman cabai dan Cipayung (Jakarta Timur), yang merupakan daerah baru untuk budidaya tanaman cabai. Seleksi awal terhadap isolat cendawan dilakukan dengan uji patogenisitas secara in vitro. Uji efikasi cendawan secara in vivo pada benih cabai berfungsi untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi cendawan terpilih terhadap pertumbuhan benih. Hasil eksplorasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai daerah Garut, secara makroskopis memiliki keragaman lebih tinggi dibanding dengan keragaman isolat dari daerah Cipayung. Uji patogenisitas menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diuji cenderung didominasi oleh cendawan yang bersifat patogenik dan potensial patogenik. Uji efikasi cendawan endofit terpilih (46 isolat nonpatogenik dan 16 isolat potensial patogenik), dalam memengaruhi pertumbuhan vegetatif benih, menunjukkan bahwa 74,19% isolat yang diuji memiliki kemampuan memicu pertumbuhan benih. Sebanyak 34 isolat dari isolat-isolat tersebut diketahui merupakan isolat yang konsisten bersifat nonpatogenik dan 12 isolat berdasarkan uji patogenisitas bersifat potensial patogenik.Kata kunci: Cendawan nonpatogenik; Metabolit sekunder; Fitohormon ABSTRACT. Endophytic fungi are known be able to produce secondary metabolites that often impact on the growth of its host, such as increasing the resistance of plant to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, as well as enhance its growth. This study aimed to isolate and determine the effect of endophytic fungi applications that isolated from the roots of chilli plants to the growth of chilli seeds (Capsicum annuum L.). The research activities carried out in the Laboratory of Microbiology and Greenhouse BPTP Jakarta, from September 2012 to August 2013. The study was consisted the exploration, pathogenicity test, and the efficacy test of the endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungus carried out on samples of chilli healthy plant roots from the area of Garut (West Java), which is often used for the cultivation of chilli plants, and Cipayung (East Jakarta), which is a new area for the cultivation of chilli plants. The initial selection of the isolates of the fungi carried by the pathogenicity test in vitro. The efficacy test of the fungus...
Ralstonia solanacearum has been known to cause bacterial wilt disease on chili pepper. Despite many reports on the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce plant resistance, its utilization to suppress bacterial wilt disease of chili has not been widely reported. The aims of this research was to screen potential endophytic fungi that may increase chili resistance against bacterial wilt disease. Selection of endophytic fungi was done using in vivo and antibiosis test. Strains of fungi were considered the most potent in suppressing the development of bacterial wilt in chilli were identified. Ten out of 62 isolates of endophytic fungi gave the highest suppression on chilli’s bacterial wilt disease. Most strains of endophytic fungi were able to suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease, but not always positively correlated to the vegetative and generative growth of chilli. Based on the level of disease intensity and the growth of plants were obtained three strains of endophytic fungi that considered potentially suppress the incidence of bacterial wilt disease. The three isolates was identified as Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli (AC-2.13 and AC-4.4) and Trichoderma asperellum (AC-3.18) using morphology and molecular characters. Although all three selected isolates were able to suppress bacterial wilt disease in this study, but application of F. solani f.sp. phaseoli should be considered in practical use since it is generally known as the causal agent of root rot disease of beans
Endophytic fungi have the ability to produce secondary metabolites that promote plant growth and increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. A plant disease is an important biotic stress that need to be controlled. However, the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce resistance against bacterial wilt disease in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has not been widely reported. Thus, this research aimed to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in suppressing development of bacterial wilt disease in chili. The study was conducted using three endophytic fungi such as Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli isolates AC-2.13 and AC-3.18, and Trichoderma asperellum AC-4.4. The test used nine treatments, i.e. 3 single treatments, four combination treatments, streptomycin, and control. The results showed that application of endophytic fungi F. solani f.sp. phaseoli and T. asperellum either in single or combination treatments reduced development of bacterial wilt in chili with inhibition rate of 12.5 to 50 %. Applications of combined endophytic fungi were not always inhibiting development of bacterial wilt in chili. Furthermore, the ability to suppress disease development by endophytic fungi was not always followed by its ability to increase crop yield. F. solani f.sp. phaseoli isolate AC-44 have the highest potential of endophytic fungi in controlling R. solanacearum. In the biochemical evaluation, F. solani f.sp. phaseoli showed an increase of several compounds activity in chili such as total phenol, peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), β-glucanase, and phenylalanine aminaliase (PAL).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.