Today in Ukraine the part of the sausage production segment is about 30 % of all ready meat products. The boiled sausages play the main role among them. About 65 % of general assortment belongs to them among consumers. Safety and quality assurance of sausage is impossible without the conformity of requirements and recipes. The SSTU 4436:2005 “Boiled sausages, sausages, meat breads. General specifications” regulates them in Ukraine. However, today is observed the significant growth of sausages assortment, which are produced by recipes of producers. It allows them to use in production different nutritional supplements, replacement of raw materials, etc. Recent publications of experts shows that about 80 % of food products are falsified. The most common is assortment falsification. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to analyze the conformity of quality and safety parameters of high-class boiled sausage “Likarska” from the different producers to the SSTU 4436:2005 “Boiled sausages, sausages, meat breads. General specifications”. The materials of our study were the samples of high-class boiled sausage “Likarska” from the several domestic producers: LLC “Alan” (Dnipro), JV “Vekka” LLC (Odessa region, Lyman district, Blagodatne), LLC “Globino Meat Factory” (Poltava region, Globin district, Globino), LLC “Khodoriv Meat Factory” (Lviv region, Zhydachiv district, Khodoriv). The samples were selected by the control purchase in Odessa trading network (“METRO”, “Silpo”, “FOZZY”) and in Lviv trading network (“Vopak”, “МЕТРО”, “Silpo”). As a result 20 samples were selected and investigated in general. The studies were conducted during 2019–2020 on the basis of Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biotecnologies of Odessa State Agrarian University) and on the basis of the laboratory of Department of Veterinary-Sanitary Inspection (Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Lviv). We selected the samples, carried out sanitary assessments of sausages, determined the microbiological parameters in accordance with applicable regulations. We determined the physico-chemical parameters using the device FoodScan, radionuclides content – by β-γ-spermometry and the general toxicity – using the express method with the infusorium Colpoda steinii. According to the results of analysis of labeling we found out that the packaging (label) of all producers which were studied contains the basic production and consumer information. The analysis of the organoleptical, microbiological indicators and the radionuclides content of samples which were studied established their compliance with the requirement of SSTU 4436:2005. The total toxicity of sausages also wasn’t established. At the same time the analysis of physico-chemical parameters revealed non-compliance with SSTU 4436:2005 requirements by the mass fraction of protein in sausage “Likarska”, which was produced by JV “Vekka” LLC (10.95 ± 0.01 %) and LLC “Globino Meat Factory” (10.68 ± 0.02 %).
In accordance with the modern requirements of the international control system (HACCP), it is necessary to abandon the control of the final product for the purpose of identifying shortcomings, but to proceed to the preventive approach of eliminating potential sources of danger at all stages of production. A step-by-step system for controlling the quality of livestock products, in particular meat, in the absence of modern technology of primary processing and quality veterinary and sanitary control, is complex. Therefore, to ensure the safety and quality of meat, it is necessary to improve and scientifically justify the methods of their control, bringing it closer to international requirements. The purpose of our research was to monitor the safety and quality of slaughter products for pigs obtained in the conditions of the Odessa region. The material of the research was reporting on veterinary medicine (Form No. 6-vet., Form No. 5- vet., Form No. 2a-vet.) In the districts of the Odessa region for 2014–2016, which was processed statistically. The analysis has established that for 2014–2016. In the investigated areas, only 28846 pigs were slaughtered, and 74.48% of the slaughter took place. It was found that according to the results of the pre-blast inspection and post-mortem veterinary examination of pig carcasses, 83 cases of diseases, echinococcosis, were detected during the reporting period. For the reporting years, 17103 carcasses of pigs were supplied to the agro-food markets of the study areas. Employees of laboratories for veterinary and sanitary examination in the markets conducted 65417 laboratory studies: all carcasses of pigs were examined organoleptically (including cooking breakdown), trichinoscopy and studies for phychosis and other parasitic diseases were performed; The determination of physicochemical parameters and bacterioscopy of mascara were carried out in individual cases; radiological and other studies were not conducted. During the veterinary and sanitary examination, 662 cases of diseases were detected in the laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in the markets: 65 cases of non-communicable diseases and 597 cases of invasive diseases. And draws attention to the fact that 99.83% of the identified invasive diseases was echinococcosis. Comparative analysis of the results on the detection of cases of echinococcosis, depending on the location of Veterinary control, found significant discrepancies– after post-mortem veterinary and sanitary control, only 7.26–26.27% of cases are detected, in comparison with the results of veterinary and sanitary examination of slaughter products in laboratories for veterinary and sanitary examination In the markets. This imbalance, in our opinion, can be related to homestead slaughter and poor quality post-mortem Veterinary control during it. Summarizing the obtained results of the analysis, we can conclude that the management system for the safety and quality of slaughter products in pigs in the regions of the Odessa region at the present stage still relies on the analysis of the final product, not taking into account the preventive approach.
The problem of providing the population with food is one of the most important and complex among the problems that society faces today. Food must not only meet the human needs for essential nutrients and energy, but also perform preventive and curative functions. Mutton is one of the foods that meets these requirements. It is distinguished by its high nutritional properties and taste. It can be a potential source of various pathogens and pollutants under certain condition that will pose a risk to the health of the consumer. Monitoring of separate elements of the safety and quality management system of slaughter products of small cattle under the influence of epidemiological (veterinary) factors was the aim of our research. Reporting on veterinary medicine issues in the Tatarbunarsky district of the Odessa region for 2013–2017, which was processed statistically, was the material of our research. It found that the main specific mass of number of small cattle grown in Homstead farms by inhabitants of the area. The district veterinary service carried out a number of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures during the trial period. In the Household farms only mandatory activities were carried out, which are founded from the budget account (serological tests for brucellosis and preventive vaccination against Anthrax). Analysis of the volumes and conditions of slaughter of small cattle in the area showed that the number of slaughtered animals invariably decreases from year to year and 100% of slaughter is carried out by the farmer in the conditions of homestead farms. It was also established that in the experimental period, according to results of pre-slaughter clinical examination of animals and post-slaughter examination no cases of illness were identified. Selling of slaughter products of small cattle is carried out through a distributing facilities of agrofood markets of district and region. The analysis found that all carcasses that entered to the markets succumbed to veterinary-sanitary examination in State Laboratories of Veterinary-Sanitary Examination, the results of which in 2015 and 2016 reveald cases of invasive diseases (fasciolosis and echinococcosis). This fact is worrying about the quality of its conducts in the conditions of the household slaughter, accuming that during the post-slaughter veterinary-sanitary examination no cases of illness have been identified. Summarizing the monitoring results we obtained, we concluded that at this stage the safety management system for the products of slaughter of small cattle cannot fully guarantee consumer safety and requires urgent complex measures to increase efficiency.
Food security is one of the priorities of the state. The livestock sector is an important source of food resources. The purpose of our research was to monitor the elements of the safety and quality of the management system for the slaughter of cattle for the effects of the epidemiological (veterinary) factors. The material of our research was the reporting on veterinary medicine in the Tulchynsky District of Vinnytsya Oblast between the years 2013–2017, which we statistically processes. The analysis revealed over the last five years, outbreaks of rabies, leukemia of the cattle and pasteurellosis have been recorded in the area, and the number of leukemia foci of bovine animals decreases year by year, and pasteurelosis is gaining more and more epizootic significance. It was based on the reports provided prophylactic antiepizootic measures are constantly being carried out in the region. Thus, during the years 2013–2017, clinical, laboratory and serological studies of the cattle population were conducted in the district the stock was vaccinated, treatment and preventive treatments and veterinary and sanitary works were carried out. Analysis of the data on the volume of these measures demonstrate in most of cases they are carried out only in the agricultural enterprises, not covering the number of individual farmsteads of the inhabitants of the district. In private farms, mostly, only compulsory measures are funded from state budget. Such as tuberculinisation, serological studies for leukemia and brucellosis, vaccination against anthrax. After analyzing the number of the slaughtered cattles in the area, we found that 93.42% of the slaughter took place in the meat processing enterprises. During the research period, according to findings results of pre-slaughter clinical examination of animals, 185 were diagnosted, and during the post-mortem veterinary examination 8282 cases of diseases were detected. The study of the etiology of the revealed diseases, found all diseases revealed as a result of clinical examination before the slaughter were non-contagious, and from diseases revealed by the results of veterinary-sanitary examination after slaughter 83.17% were non-contagious, and the rest (16.83%) – invasive. Regarding the structure of detected invasive diseases, echinococcosis and fasciolysis were recorded. The correlation between the number of cases of detection during the post-mortem veterinary examination of invasive illnesses and the treatmentes-prophylactic treatments established a direct pattern between them: the number of treatment and prevention treatments for livestock from year to year increases, cases of detection of invasive diseases decrease. In general, the monitoring of epidemiological factors in the Tulchinsky district of the Vinnytsia region indicates that the system for managing the safety and quality products of slaughter of cattle is effective enough. But the facts that antiepizootic veterinary measures do not cover the entire livestock population of the district and the proportion of slaughter of cattle occurs in the yard, causing concern, and significantly reduce the effectiveness of the management system. Therefore, in our opinion, it can not be argued that the safety and quality control system for cattle slaughter products in the area fully guarantees the safety of the consumer.
Проблема збереження харчової цінності м'яса всіх видів тварин та птиці є проблемою номер один в нашій державі. М'ясо сільськогосподарської птиці за показниками харчової цінності та технологічними властивостями не поступається м'ясу тварин, а за більшістю параметрів навіть перевершує його. В сучасних умовах світової птахопереробної галузі, коли відмічається збільшення обсягів виробництва та постачання продукції в Україну, проблема контролю якості цієї продукції стає найголовнішою і першочерговою. Останнім часом фахівці звертають увагу на вплив різноманітних чинників на якість і безпечність м'яса птиці під час його зберігання, особливо тривалого. Хімічний склад м'ясної сировини є об’єктивним показником поживної цінності м’яса птиці. Хімічний склад м'яса залежить від виду птиці, її породи, статі, віку, вгодованості. Тому за складом м’ясо птиці, навіть одного виду, може бути різним і відрізнятися від показників у довідниках. Крім того, м'ясо птиці різних видів, має різні умови і терміни зберігання, при порушенні яких сировина втрачає свою якість.
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