Learning point for clinicians• Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare disease characterized by submucosal osteocartilaginous nodules of the trachea and major bronchi.• TO should be considered in patients with chronic cough and tracheal irregularities in imaging.• Computed tomography and endoscopic findings are usually highly suggestive of TO.• Atypical forms can be confused with tracheal amyloidosis, sarcoidosis or neoplasms.
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