Biological Activities and Uses The use of pine resin as a whole or its derivatives, essence, and colophony as expectorants, modifiers of bronchial secretions, and antiseptics for the urinary tract, as weli as rubefacients and vessicants in poultices and creams in veterinary practice is described in several Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plant treatises (66, 67). In recent years (i967-i992), studies on the biological activities of abietane acids have been performed with pure compounds and activities like antimicrobial, antiulcer, cardiovascular, allergenic, antiallergic, and many uses in cosmetics and dermatologic preparations have been reported for some of them. Antimicrobial Activity The antimicrobial activity of pisiferic acid (48) and its derivatives has been established against Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Klebsiella (68) as have its antibacterial actions against Gram-positive microorganisms, its antifungal activity, and its activity in experimental carcinoma of the uterus (HeLa-S3 cells) (55, 58). In the systems assayed, pisiferic acid (48) was active against Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pyricularia oryzae, and HeLa-S3 celis, while methylation of the
13C NMR spectral assignments for a number of naturally occurring and hemi‐synthetic abieta‐8,11,13‐triene diterpe‐noids are reported. The most significant effects caused by common structural variations for this kind of compound are discussed.
13C NMR data for several abieta-7,13-diene diterpenoids are reported. The most significant effects caused by the change in the stereochemistry at C-4 and other structural modifications are discussed.
A new synthetic procedure to obtain 3-methylidenetetrahydrofurans is described, in which the methylidene group is generated during the formation of the tetrahydrofuran ring. These are prepared by reduction of differently substituted dimethyl succinates obtained by Stobbe condensation.
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