Room temperature dielectric and magnetic properties of BiFeO3 samples, co-doped with magnetic Gd and non-magnetic Ti in place of Bi and Fe, respectively, were reported. The nominal compositions of Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1−xTixO3 (x = 0.00-0.25) ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the substitution of Fe by Ti induces a phase transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic at x > 0.20. Morphological studies demonstrated that the average grain size was reduced from ∼ 1.5 µm to ∼ 200 nm with the increase in Ti content. Due to Ti substitution, the dielectric constant was stable over a wide range of high frequencies (30 kHz to 20 MHz) by suppressing the dispersion at low frequencies. The dielectric properties of the compounds are associated with their improved morphologies and reduced leakage current densities probably due to the lower concentration of oxygen vacancies in the compositions. Magnetic properties of Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1−xTixO3 (x = 0.00-0.25) ceramics measured at room temperature were enhanced with Ti substitution up to 20 % compared to that of pure BiFeO3 and Ti undoped Bi0.9Gd0.1FeO3 samples. The enhanced magnetic properties might be attributed to the substitution induced suppression of spiral spin structure of BiFeO3. An asymmetric shifts both in the field and magnetization axes of magnetization versus magnetic field (M-H) curves was observed. This indicates the presence of exchange bias effect in these compounds notably at room temperature.

Multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized using low temperature hydrothermal technique to assess their visible-light driven photocatalytic activity along with their applicability for the production of hydrogen via water splitting.

We have investigated the effect of temperature on magnetic properties of Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1−xTixO3 (x = 0.00-0.20) multiferroic system. Unexpectedly, the coercive fields (Hc) of this multiferroic system increased with increasing temperature. The coercive fields and remanent magnetization were higher over a wide range of temperatures in sample x = 0.10 i.e. in sample having composition Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 than those of x = 0.00 and 0.20 compositions. Therefore, we have carried out temperature dependent magnetization experiments extensively for sample x = 0.10. The magnetic hysteresis loops at different temperatures exhibit an asymmetric shift towards the magnetic field axes which indicate the presence of exchange bias effect in this material system. The hysteresis loops were also carried out at temperatures 150 K and 250 K by cooling down the sample from 300 K in various cooling magnetic fields (H cool ). The exchange bias field (HEB) values increased with H cool and decreased with temperature. The HEB values were tunable by field cooling at temperatures up to 250 K.

Ternary transition metal sulfides have emerged as promising electrode materials for next-generation supercapacitors because of their potential ability to simultaneously ensure high conductivity and stability during electrochemical reactions. In the...

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