The main goal of endodontic retreatment is cleaning and shaping of the root canal with removal of old root filling material. Hand instruments and rotary instruments are mainly used for removing this filling material; as hand instruments are time consuming and tedious so we used rotary instrumentation for removal of gutta percha. The main aim of this study is to compare the relative efficacy of three different NI TI rotary instrumentation systems for removal of gutta-percha from root canal during endodontic retreatment. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted, single-rooted human anterior teeth were instrumented with K-files, and each root canal was filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus (Dentsply Detrey, Konstanz, Germany) sealer using lateral compaction. Specimens were then divided into three experimental groups with ten specimens each. The removal of gutta-percha was performed using Pro-Taper retreatment files, Mtwo retreatment files, and Edge file XR. The amount of root canal filling material remnant in the coronal, middle and apical thirds was measured using stereomicroscope. Result: The data was evaluated statistically using analysis of variance. Pro-Taper group was found to have less remnant filling material as compared to the other groups in coronal and middle thirds, but a significant difference was observed between edge file XR and Mtwo. Conclusions: It was concluded that EDGE FILE XR, rotary retreatment system proved to be the most efficient method of removing gutta-percha and sealer in comparison to the other two retreatment files and M-TWO retreatment files required less time to remove root filling material than the other instruments.
Bioceramics are materials which include Alumina, Zirconia, Bioactive glass, Glass ceramics, Hydroxy apatite, resorbable calcium phosphate. They have been used in dentistry as root repair materials, apicall filling materials, perforation sealing, for filling up bony defects, as endodontic sealers and as aids in regeneration. They have similarity to hydroxyapatite, an intrinsic Osteo conductive activity and have an ability to induce regenerative responses in the human body. This review focuses on overview of bio ceramics, classification and their advantages. It also gives a detailed insight into individual bio ceramic materials currently used in the field of endodontics along with their properties and applications.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a nano filled flowable and nano hybrid bulk fill resin composite in class I restorations. Methods and Materials: Twenty patients were selected for this in vivo study. Each patient received at least one pair of restorations, restored with nano hybrid bulk fill resin composite (IPS Empress direct [IED]) and nano hybrid Tetric N Ceram flowable composite [TNC]. Each restorative resin system was used with its respective adhesive system according to manufacturers’ instructions. A total of 40 class I restorations were placed by one operator. Restorations were blindly evaluated by two examiners at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months respectively using modified US Public Health Service Ryge criteria. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using Chi square test to compare the two restorative materials for each category. Results: At 3, 6 and 12, months, recall rate was 100%, 95% and 85%, respectively, with a retention rate of 100%. There were statistically significant differences between the two restorative resins in terms of marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration (p<0.05). No differences were observed between the restorative resins in terms of retention (p<0.05). None of the restorations showed postoperative sensitivity, or loss of anatomic form. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, nano hybrid bulk fill composite resin viz. IPS EMPRESS DIRECT showed better clinical performance than nano filled flowable composite in terms of marginal discoloration and marginal adaptation. Keywords: direct composite, bulk, hybrid filled resin
The main goal of endodontic treatment should be to focus on the predictable elimination of microorganisms from the root canal system. Irrigation has become a critical component of adequate root canal treatment. To obtain the goal of safe and effective irrigation methods this article review is to give a brief idea about irrigation devices and recent methods of irrigation. The irrigation process is often dismissed during endodontic treatment, must not be overlooked. It is one of the major keys of success for endodontic treatment.
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