Com o objetivo de determinar as principais causas de morte em cães e gatos, foram analisadas informações correspondentes às fichas clínicas de cães e gatos provenientes de um hospital veterinário universitário entre julho de 2005 e julho de 2009. Durante o período estudado foram atendidos 2243 casos novos, sendo 2075 cães e 168 gatos. Em cães, o percentual de óbito foi de 10,6% (220/2075) e em gatos, 8,92% (15/168). A idade média quando do óbito em cães e gatos foi de 59,97 e 82,79 meses, respectivamente. Em cães, as principais causas de morte e razões para eutanásia foram distúrbios infecciosos ou parasitários, distúrbios causados por agentes físicos e neoplasias. Exceto pela idade, as demais características de resenha não influenciaram a expectativa de vida ou a causa de morte em cães. Em gatos, distúrbios provocados por agentes físicos e distúrbios urinários foram os principais motivos que resultaram na morte do animal. Os resultados observados identificam a necessidade de medidas profiláticas que possibilitarão maior expectativa de vida e, consequentemente, alteração na frequência das principais causas de morte e razões para eutanásia em cães e gatos.
Histophilus somni is a Gram-negative bacterium that is associated with a disease complex (termed histophilosis) that can produce several clinical syndromes predominantly in cattle, but also in sheep. Histophilosis is well described in North America, Canada, and in some European countries. In Brazil, histophilosis has been described in cattle with respiratory, reproductive, and systemic disease, with only one case described in sheep. This report describes the occurrence of Histophilus somni-associated disease in sheep from Southern Brazil. Eight sheep with different clinical manifestations from five farms were investigated by a combination of pathological and molecular diagnostic methods to identify additional cases of histophilosis in sheep from Brazil. The principal pathological lesions were thrombotic meningoencephalitis, fibrinous bronchopneumonia, pulmonary abscesses, and necrotizing myocarditis. The main clinical syndromes associated with H. somni were thrombotic meningoencephalitis (n = 4), septicemia (n = 4), bronchopneumonia (n = 4), and myocarditis (n = 3). H. somni DNA was amplified from multiple tissues of all sheep with clinical syndromes of histophilosis; sequencing confirmed the PCR results. Further, PCR assays to detect Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica were negative. These findings confirmed the participation of H. somni in the clinical syndromes investigated during this study, and adds to the previous report of histophilosis in sheep from Brazil.
The cause of the death of a 16-month-old Brasileiro-de-Hipismo filly and a 3-year-old male Paint Horse with clinical manifestations of anemia and apathy from southern Brazil was investigated. These horses were maintained at the same stable; received hay as part of their diet and were submitted for routine necropsy evaluations. Significant gross findings included several nodules randomly distributed throughout the pulmonary lobes of both horses, and the kidneys, myocardium, and the frontal lobes of the cerebrum of the filly. Histopathological evaluation revealed pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia in both horses; granulomatous interstitial nephritis, myocarditis, and encephalitis were observed in the filly. All lesions contained vasculitis and thrombosis associated with myriads of intralesional, branching, septate fungi consistent with Aspergillus spp.; intralesional fungi were more easily identified by the Grocott methenamine silver stain. Mycological culture of fresh pulmonary sections from both horses and the brain of the filly revealed pure growths of A. fumigatus. These findings confirmed the participation of A. fumigatus in the etiopathogenesis of the lesions observed in the lungs of both horses, and the cerebrum, myocardium and kidneys of the filly and might represent the first description of A. fumigatus-induced encephalitis in horses. Additionally, we believe that infection occurred during the ingestion of contaminated hay or by inhalation of spores within contaminated bedding that resulted in transient nasal mycosis, which progressed to pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia in both horses with embolic encephalitic, myocardial, and renal dissemination of A. fumigatus occurring only in the filly.
The current study aims to assess the effect from crude glycerin inclusion (0, 7, 14, and 21% dry matter) in the diet of slaughtered lamb on their development, nutrient consumption, biometrical measures, diet economic viability and carcass features. Thirty two (32) non-castrated male Texel lambs were used in the study, they presented mean initial weight 15.9 ± 4.1 kilos and were distributed in casual outlining. They were fed with four treatments, with 8 repetitions. Animals were slaughtered when they reached approximately 35 kilos. The mean total weight gain was 20.72 kilos and mean daily weight gain was 260 grams. No changes resulted from glycerin use. The carcass performance was similar among treatments (P>0.05) and the cold carcass performance (CCP) was 44.68%. There were no effects (P>0.05) on the loin eye area (LEA) and on fat thickness (FT); they showed averages of 13.66 cm 2 and 0.84 mm, respectively. Nutrition cost per animal during the whole confinement period varied between R$82.60 (eighty-two Reais and forty-eight cents) to R$92.48. The smallest nutrition amount consisted of 21% crude glycerin. The gross profit ranged from R$30.75 to R$ 34.01 per animal, for feed without glycerin and 21% glycerin, respectively. Animal development was not impacted by glycerin introduction, even with decrease on dry and organic mass consumption. The result showed that crude glycerin inclusion might be used in lambs' diet. Whenever there are big amounts of feed involved in the process, the 21% crude glycerin addition may be an interesting cost reduction. Seventy eight percent (78%) glycerol crude glycerin to replace corn-based feed in confined lambs' diet appeared to be nutritionally and economically viable. ResumoO objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito dos teores de inclusão de glicerina bruta (0, 7, 14, e 21% da matéria seca) na dieta de cordeiros em terminação, sobre o desempenho, o consumo de nutrientes, as medidas biométricas, a viabilidade econômica da dieta e características da carcaça. Utilizou-se 32 cordeiros machos não castrados da raça Texel, com peso médio inicial de 15,9 ± 4,1 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. Ao atingir o peso médio de 35 kg, os animais foram abatidos. O ganho de peso total foi em média 20,72 kg e o ganho de peso médio diário foi de 260 g e não sofreram alterações com o uso da glicerina. As características de rendimento de carcaça avaliadas se assemelharam entre os tratamentos (P>0,05) e o rendimento de carcaça fria (RCF) foi em média 44,68%. Não houve efeito (P>0,05) para área de olho de lombo (AOL) e espessura de gordura (EG), apresentando médias de 13,66 cm 2 e 0,84 mm, respectivamente. Os custos com alimentação por animal no período total de confinamento variaram entre R$82,60 a R$92,48, sendo o menor valor para o tratamentos contendo 21% de glicerina bruta. A margem bruta de lucro variou de R$30,75 a R$ 34,01 por animal, para ração sem glicerina e com 21% de glicerina, respectivamente. O desempenho anim...
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