RESUMOIntrodução: O schwanoma ou neurilemoma é um tumor benigno dos nervos periféricos e apresenta-se habitualmente como uma lesão única de crescimento indolente, com origem na proliferação das células de Schwann. Representa uma pequena percentagem dos tumores benignos do membro superior, contudo é o mais frequente de origem neural. Apresentamos um estudo retrospectivo de schwanomas do membro superior para estabelecer a abordagem pré-operatória adequada, avaliar a eficácia do tratamento e observar a evolução pós-operatória. ABSTRACT Introduction:Schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a benign peripheric nerve tumor that usually presents as a slow growing single lesion; it has origin in Schwann cells proliferation. Although it represents a small percentage of the benign tumors of the upper arm, it is the most frequent of neural origin. We present a retrospective study of upper limb schwannomas; our aim is establish the appropriate preoperative approach, to recognise the efficiency of the treatment and the pos-operative follow-up. Material and Methods: Review of 17 patients treated between 2007 and 2014 with upper limb schwannoma and characterization as to age, gender, location in the upper limb, signs and symptoms, pre-operative studies, histologic diagnosis and postoperative surveillance. Results: In four of them the schwannoma was localized on the arm, three on the forearm, four on the wrist and 6 on the hand or fingers. We proceed to careful microsurgical dissection in a bloodless field to optimize the functional final result. The enucleation without fascicular lesion was achieved in 12 patients. In five patients we performed the excision of the fascicles involved by the mass. Nine patients developed paresthesias in the immediate postoperative period, with five of them improving in 12 months. One patient presented motor deficit of the radial nerve with partial recover at 12 monts. Discussion: Schwannomas are rare tumours with well circumscribed morphology. Occasionally it appears in upper limb. The preoperative diagnosis is rarely, so normally the diagnosis is established only after excision and histologic study. Conclusion: Schwannoma should be considered as a diagnostic hypothesis when evaluating subcutaneous nodes associated with neurologic symptoms. It is important to query the presence of paresthesias and perform the Tinel sign, both typical of this condition. Imagiological exams have a scarce contribute in the diagnosis. To improve the final result, the preoperative study must be insightful, being advisable to consider the benefits of the surgery compared to the potential iatrogenic damage to the nerve.
La fístula oroantral es una comunicación patológica entre la cavidad oral y el seno maxilar. Están descritas varia causas, entre ellas la osteonecrosis maxilar y mandibular por bifosfonatos, descrita por primera vez en 2003. Este medicamento ha sido ampliamente utilizado y con gran eficacia en el tratamiento de diversas neoplasias con metástatización ósea, especialmente en el cáncer de mama, en el que la supervivencia ha aumentado considerablemente.Presentamos el caso paradigmático de una mujer de 58 años con historia de neoplasia maligna de mama y metátasis óseas, tratada con quimioterapia endovenosa asociada a bifosfonatos, que desarrolló osteonecrosis maxilar y mandibular en el contexto de una extracción dentaria y que desarrolló una fístula oroantral.Esto nos recuerda este importante factor de riesgo, considerando que dada la supervivencia actual entre la población con cáncer de mama, la prevalencia de la fístula oroantral irá en aumento.
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