Currently, there is a growing interest in the use of industrial waste as a raw material in obtaining and developing new products in order to meet technological and environmental demands. Fly ash, for example, when in contact with an alkaline medium, forms inorganic polymers or geopolymers, which have properties comparable to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), but are capable of reducing up to 95% of CO2 emission into the atmosphere. In this study, the corrosion resistance of a geopolymer produced by the alkaline activation of fly ash type F was evaluated in 3%, 6%, and 9% hydrochloric and sulfuric acid solutions for up to 28 days. The materials showed an average loss in terms of compressive strength of approximately 29,8% and 39,5% after 28 days of immersion in HCl and H2SO4, respectively. The immersion in HCl showed divergent results due to the formation of NaCl crystals around the microstructure of the material.
RESUMO Entre os nanomateriais de carbono, os pontos de carbono (PCs) estão entre os mais atraentes devido as suas interessantes propriedades fotoluminescentes. Os PCs apresentam processo de síntese fácil, possibilidade de funcionalização da superfície, baixa toxicidade, alta solubilidade em água e biocompatibilidade. Devido a isso, suas aplicações na área biomédica e de bioimagem tem se destacado na literatura. Neste trabalho, PCs foram sintetizados por dois métodos diferentes a partir da ovalbumina, o qual é um precursor não tóxico e composto predominantemente por aminoácidos de cadeia curta. Os PCs foram caracterizados por espectroscopias de absorção (UV-Vis), de emissão (fluorescência) e infravermelho (IVTF), além de análise termogravimétrica (ATG). Os PCs foram utilizados como sondas fluorescentes para uma imagem colorida (azul e verde) de células HEK293 e não induziram a morte celular, o que indica que os mesmos são biocompatíveis e não tóxicos para este tipo de células. Dessa forma, os resultados aqui apresentados demonstram que os PCs podem ser considerados potenciais substitutos para corantes comerciais em marcação biológica.
The study on the physical-mechanical properties of alkali-activated materials (AAM) produced by the 'one-part' method was carried out. For this, residues such as fly ash and rice husk ash (RHA) were used. The alkaline activator (NaOH) was calcined together with RHA for 2 h at 750 °C. Dry mixes were prepared by replacing fly ash with 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of the calcined material. The samples produced were characterized after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results showed that the investigated variables (calcined material content and curing time at room temperature) were responsible for important variations: compressive strength from 2.40 to 24.92 MPa, modulus of elasticity from 0.90 to 12.32 GPa, water absorption from 2.92% to 13.64%, apparent porosity from 4.82% to 20.02%, and density from 1.48 to 1.71 g/cm 3 . It was concluded that these variations were due to the high concentration of Na 2 O and SiO 2 in the dry mixtures.
mechanical strength close to 220% in some samples. After 28 days of cure, the samples produced with compound activator solutions showed a compressive strength of 50.8 MPa and 3.36% of porosity. The x-ray diffraction and the infrared spectroscopy showed the presence the crystalline phases and the shift of band of Si-O-Si existing in the original fly ash before the activation, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy showed that original spherical morphology of the fly ash was modified to a densified and compacted surface due the formation of aluminosilicate that increase the mechanical strength.
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