Smoking behavior is a threat for Indonesian teenagers, including in the city of Jayapura, Papua province. The purpose of this study was to access Jayapura teenagers smoking behavior and knowledge including parents and other family members. The study was conducted on 78 respondents (grade 7, aged 11-14 years old), using cluster random sampling for selecting the public and private junior high school in Jayapura. The data collected was smoking behavior of respondents, parents and other family members (using self-reported questionnaire), and respondents' knowledge about the dangers of smoking (using tests with Cronbach's alpha 0.701). Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using Chi-square, 95 % level of significant. The results showed 29.3 % of teenagers, 69.23 % of parents and 25.6 % of other family members were smokers, their knowledge was low (an average score of 60.81 out of 100), there was no significant statistical relationship between knowledge and smoking behavior among respondents (p = 0.079), and there is no significant relationship between teenagers behavior with the behavior of the parents (p = 0.609) and other family members (p = 0.578), 87 % of teenagers became smokers because there were individuals who smoke at home.
Microfilaria rate of filariasis in Bintan District remains high, especially in Teluk Bintan, Teluk Sebong, and Sri Kuala Lobam Subdistricts. This study aimed to determine relation between environmental risk factors (physical, biological, chemical, socio-cultural, economic) and behavioral factors with filariasis incidence. The study was an analytic observational study conducted on May-September 2015 using case control design, which consisted of a total of case as many as 33 filariasis sufferers and a total of control as many as 65 non filariasis sufferers as taken by cluster sampling technique. Population of study was people in Bintan District. Data obtained were then analyzed by using chi square and logistic regression test. Results showed correlation of knowledge (p value= 0.045; OR = 1.365), wire-net use (p value = 0.048; OR = 1.381), stockyard (p value= 0.018; OR = 3.5), swamp (p value = 0.038; OR = 1.358), plantation/forest (p = 0.035; OR = 0.373) and mosquito-net use (p value = 0.036; OR = 1.417) as risk factor of filariasis incidence. In conclusion, variables most related to filariasis incidence in Bintan District are knowledge (OR = 6.154), mosquito-net use (OR = 3.861) and distance to swamp (OR = 3.668).
Sampah adalah sesuatu yang tidak digunakan lagi, tidak disenangi atau dibuang yang berasal dari kegiatan manusia dan tidak terjadi dengan sendirinya. Di lokasi penelitian, yaitu SDN Panggang dan SDN Puluhan yang berada di Argomulyo, Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul, sudah tersedia tempat sampah untuk memilah yang sudah bertuliskan jenis sampah yang dapat di-buang di situ, akan tetapi petunjuknya sulit dipahami oleh para siswa. Pada penelitian ini, tem-pat sampah bermotif diterapkan untuk mempermudah siswa dalam membuang sampah sesuai dengan jenisnya, yaitu sampah kertas, sampah plastik dan botol serta sampah dedaunan dan sisa makanan. Tempat sampah bermotif yang digunakan memanfaatkan yang sudah ada di lo-kasi penelitian tapi dirubah tampilannya tanpa mengurangi fungsinya. Jenis penelitian yang di-lakukan adalah eksperimen dengan desain post-test only control group. SDN Panggang dite-tapkan menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan SDN Puluhan sebagai kontrol. Data sampah yang di-buang secara tepat pada tempatnya, diamati setiap hari setelah jam sekolah selama satu bu-lan. Rerata hasil pengamatan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan t-test bebas pada α = 0,05; dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tempat sampah bermotif mempengaruhi perilaku siswa untuk membuang sampah pada tempat yang sesuai. Hasil tersebut terjadi kare-na petunjuk pada tempat sampah bermotif mudah dipahami dan gambarnya menarik.
Knowledge and practice about waste management among housewives in Cetan Village were low, i.e. 40 % did not know about waste and the health impact from bad waste management, and 65,6 % knew that waste can only be managed by burning it and throwing onto yards and rivers, 78 % had behavior of mixing and burning organic and inorganic wastes, and 22 % had habituality of throwing the mixed wastes onto vacant yards and rivers. This study was aimed to know the influence of demonstration method for increasing the knowledge and practice of the housewives about domestic waste management. The research method used was quasi experiment with non-equivalent control group design. 40 respondents for the experiment group and other 40 respondents for the control group were selected by using purposive sampling method. The data was analyzed by using Anova multivariate test at 95 % confidence level. A nine itemed questionnaire which had been tested for its validity (p<0,05) and realibility (p=0,711) was administered to measure the knowledge level, meanwhile a checklist with five items was used to measured the level of practice (the corresponding validity reliability tests yielded p values of <0,05 and 0,701, respectively). The results of the research showed that, in general, the elucidationwith demonstration method influenced the increase of knowledge and practice among the housewives (p=0,037). However, in specific, only the practice aspect was observed increase significantly (p=0,017), meanwhile the knowledge aspects was not (p=0,428). It can be concluded that demonstration method is more effective for increasing the practice of housewives in domestic waste management.
Pasar tradisional merupakan salah satu tempat-tempat umum. Kondisi sanitasi pasar yang buruk berpotensi bagi terjadinya penularan penyakit. Untuk mencegah dampak negatif yang mungkin timbul, antara tahun 2011-2013, Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kebumen melalui Dinas Perin-dustrian, Perdagangan, dan Pengelolaan Pasar telah merenovasi 10 dari total 35 pasar tradisio-nal yang ada, namun upaya tersebut belum sepenuhnya mengatasi buruknya masalah sanitasi yang terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana Pedoman Pasar Sehat yang tercantum dalam Kepmenkes Nomor 519/Menkes/SK/VI/2008 telah diterapkan oleh Pemda Kabupaten Kebumen, yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif. Sebagai sam-pel penelitian adalah seluruh 10 pasar tradisional di atas, sementara variabel yang diteliti terdiri dari: konstruksi bangunan, sanitasi, dan fasilitas lain, yang diobservasi dengan menggunakan check-list. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara rata-rata, untuk variabel konstruksi ba-ngunan yang terdiri dari 95 buah komponen, 52,9 % sudah memenuhi syarat; untuk variabel sa-nitasi yang terdiri dari 44 komponen, 47,3 % sudah memenuhi syarat, dan untuk variabel fasilitas lain yang terdiri dari 22 komponen, 29,5 % sudah mememuhi syarat. Jika mengacu pada Kep-menkes di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa 80 % pasar tradisional yang diteliti termasuk dalam kategori tidak sehat dan 20 % termasuk kategori kurang sehat.
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