A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os limites e possibilidades de um jogo didático de Química na aula de Ciências e no processo de inclusão de um aluno do Ensino Fundamental com dislexia de uma escola estadual. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa do tipo participante. Os dados foram constituídos seguindo os aportes da observação participante, registrando em notas de campo a dinâmica da sala de aula de Ciências, a situação escolar do aluno, seu comportamento em sala, sua interação com colegas e com a professora, e a relação da escola com a inclusão; e entrevista semiestruturada com a professora de Ciências. O jogo foi desenvolvido no decorrer da pesquisa, de acordo com a realidade da turma, seguindo o conteúdo programático e as particularidades da dislexia, sendo aplicado ao final das observações. O aumento do interesse pelos assuntos, o engajamento dos estudantes, além do estímulo à maior relação entre professor e aluno foram resultados encontrados, destacando a potencialidade de um recurso didático imagético e lúdico. Pelas características do material elaborado, nota-se a contribuição para a inclusão dos estudantes, por meio da ludicidade, e as potencialidades da imagem para o trabalho com a dislexia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantity of vanadium removed through electrokinetic remediation applied to catalyst waste used in a fluid catalytic cracking process. In excess, vanadium affects process efficiency by reducing the catalyst's activity, causing deactivation and reducing its useful life in petroleum cracking during refining. The electrochemical reactor used was composed of an extra cathode chamber coupled with an ion-selective cation exchange membrane, Nafion®. The function of the cathode chamber was to increase the overpotential for a hydrogen reduction reaction (HRR) and the electric field to favour metal ion removal. Sodium citrate was used for electrolyte remediation (complexing vanadium) at 0.5 mol/L with an 11.0 V (ε =0.5 V/cm) potential applied. The treatment efficiency was analysed based on the vanadium ion concentration in the electrolyte collected. The results show that electrokinetic remediation using the dual cathode chamber yielded more metal removal and lower energy consumption.
The electrokinetic remediation process, through the application of electric potential and different electrolytes, aimed at mobilizing and removing contaminant metals in spent catalytic cracking catalysts. In this study, FCC spent catalysts were studied after the remediation process with three different electrolytes (solutions of sodium citrate, sulfuric acid or citric acid). The techniques of XRD, XRF, NMR and EPR were used in order to evaluate the changes. The results indicated that the electrokinetic remediation tends to reorganize the internal structure of the catalyst, recovering part of the crystallinity and removing a percentage of the contaminants.
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