In this work, niobium oxide films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering under different oxygen flow rate and applied as electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells. It was found that the deposition made using 3.5 sccm of oxygen flow resulted in films with better electrical properties which helped the extraction of the photogenerated electrons to the external circuit, improving the Jsc and consequently the device efficiency. In addition, by photoluminescence measurements, we found a better charge transfer from perovskite to TiO2/niobium oxide film deposited at 3.5 sccm of oxygen flow.
Ti and its alloys exhibit combination of unique properties for biomedical applications, however their poor triboelectrochemical behaviour is a major concern. Therefore, TiN coatings were deposited on cp-Ti (grade 4) by sputtering technique aiming the improvement of its tribocorrosion behaviour. The properties of the coated samples, using different TiN deposition times, were characterized by using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, FIB-SEM, and nanoindentation. The corrosion behaviour was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization in 9 g/L NaCl solution at body temperature. Tribocorrosion tests were employed under open circuit potential by using a ball-on-plate tribometer with 1 N normal load, 3 mm total stroke length, 1 Hz frequency, and 1800 s sliding duration. The results suggested that the TiN coatings deposited during 80 min presented better corrosion and tribocorrosion behaviour as compared to the bare metal and TiN coatings deposited during 30 min.
<p>Two different methods are used to deposit Nb2O5 as compact electron transport layers in n-i-p double cation mixed-halide perovskite Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 solar cells; reactive sputtering and spin coating. These different Nb2O5 films influenced perovskite growth and the charge transport in the cells. Photovoltaic parameters were obtained with an average PCE of 17.0 % and 15.7% for the devices based on sputtered and spin-coated Nb2O5, respectively. The mobility and the extracted charges were higher in sputtered Nb2O5-based devices than in the spin-coated ones. This effect is attributed to the larger grain sizes observed in the perovskite films when deposited onto the sputtered Nb2O5 layers. The higher densities of grain boundaries in the spin-coated Nb2O5-based devices increase ion diffusion and are expected to decrease efficiency.
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