Os extremos climáticos têm sido tema de grande interesse em pesquisas de mudanças climáticas por proporcionar subsídios para gestão de eventos de desastres naturais e causar desequilíbrios nos sistemas sociais e produtivos. Porém, as regiões de transição entre biomas e ecossistemas têm sido pouco exploradas. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar os índices de extremos climáticos derivados da temperatura e precipitação na região de transição Amazônia-Cerrado no Estado do Maranhão no período de 1986 a 2016. Foi utilizado o programa computacional RClimdex e teste não paramétrico de Mann-Kendall para detectar as tendências de aumento ou decréscimo. As temperaturas máximas e mínimas mostraram uma forte tendência de aumento, evidenciando que tantos os dias quanto as noites estão mais quentes em todo os Estado. Em relação à precipitação, há uma grande variabilidade espaço-temporal, não havendo padrão bem definido, mas ocorrendo uma estação com aumento no volume de chuvas e umidade e outra com decréscimo estatisticamente significativo. Dessa forma, o clima está mudando de forma diferente em diferentes localidades no Estado do Maranhão.
A study was conducted with a photovoltaic distributed generation system in São Luís, Brazil, to determine the influence of meteorological variables on the generation of energy. The methodology is composed of three stages: the first corresponds to the obtaining, organization, and treatment of the data; the second involves the application of mathematical models to determine the yield, operating temperature, nominal power, and estimated power; and the third is to generate the correlations obtained between the monitored climatic variables, whether on an hourly, daily, monthly, or annual scale. For an average temperature of 27.50ºC in March, it was verified that the ultraviolet radiation was 5.06, while the average of the total radiation was 481.01 W.m-2. The maximum peak temperature was 27.88°C at noon, while the ultraviolet radiation was 8.55 and total radiation was 794.97 W.m-2. At this average temperature variation of 0.38°C, there is a variation of 313.96 W.m-2. It is concluded that, because São Luís is very close to the equator, the conditions to produce the system are favorable, mainly because, on average, there were no abrupt changes in temperature and radiation for the period studied. Even in the wintry period, the production behaved within the parameters designed.
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