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Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have been used as a delivery system to protect conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, from oxidation. Conventional gum arabic (GA) and two matured gum arabic samples (EM2 and EM10) were used as emulsifiers to prepare CLA-in-water emulsions. The emulsions have optimal physical and chemical stability at gum concentrations of 5% for all three gums. Emulsions with higher gum concentrations are more susceptible to lipid oxidation. This is attributed to reduced physical stability at higher gum concentrations because of the coalescence and depletion-induced flocculation of the emulsion droplets. The prooxidants iron and copper intrinsically contained in the gums could also contribute to this instability. Among the three gums, EM10 provides the most effective protection for CLA both physically and chemically, because of its superior interfacial properties over GA and EM2.

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Lyocell fiber is a new kind of regenerated cellulose fiber and expected to replace the Rayon fiber to be not only used in the textile field but also used in the fields of industry and aerospace after being modified. In this work, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/ Lyocell composite fibers were prepared under different draw ratios by dry-wet spinning and their electrical properties, mechanical properties, and structure were investigated. It was found that an appropriate amount of MWNTs could be dispersed homogeneously in the Lyocell matrix and could improve the mechanical and thermal properties of composite fiber. The results of wide angle Xray diffraction (WAXD) showed that the MWNTs in the composite fiber almost aligned along the axis of the fibers and the orientation of MWNTs increased with the increasing draw ratio. Furthermore, it was found that more MWNTs content and lower draw ratio could improve the electrical conductance of the composite fiber. The composite fiber containing 5 wt % MWNTs has a volume conductivity of 8.8 Â 10 À4 S/cm, which is five orders higher than that of pure Lyocell fiber. These results indicate that the MWNTs/Lyocell composite fiber has potential applications in the areas of precursor of carbon fiber and conductive fiber.