Sleep occupation bears interesting and particular characteristics when described from the occupational science perspective. This theoretical essay examines literature from different disciplines, as well as key concepts of Occupational Science to contribute to this perspective of sleep. Firstly, the article describes sleep occupation as a pillar of health, wellbeing, and quality of life in human beings. Then, the essay focuses on how the occupation emerges in early life in the context of family routines and rituals. Daily participation and sleep are analyzed in response to two major questions that have arisen related to this occupation: how participation can be observed in an occupation characterized with periods of a reversible loss of consciousness, and how these periods could be integrated into a unique and particular occupation such as sleep. Afterward, the essay focuses on orchestration and synchronization as essential processes in the occupation. Sleep occupation meanings are described as a great contribution to people's identity and sense of belonging. Finally, sleep occupation is proposed as an occupational right. Understanding crucial sleep characteristics offer a broad vision from an occupational perspective. The possibility to examine this essential occupation for human life opens an opportunity to enrich the vision about what individuals do to sleep, how they organize it, and promote or not their health, besides how contextual elements support or not this occupation.
El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una primera aproximación teórica, a fin de describir a la rutina para la conciliación del sueño como una ocupación cotidiana y significativa en los primeros años de vida del niño. Esta ocupación sienta sus bases en la habilidad de autorregulación de la activación del niño e impacta en su desempeño ocupacional presente y futuro.El trabajo focalizará en el desarrollo de la conciliación del sueño desde una co-ocupación, hacia la conformación de una ocupación significativa y con propósito. A fin de describir esta progresión, se analizarán tres puntos: la conciliación del sueño dentro del ciclo sueño -vigilia; las principales características del niño, cuidador primario y el ambiente en esta progresión; y las características del proceso que llevan a la conciliación del sueño desde una co-ocupación a una ocupación.El proceso de consolidación de la conciliación desde co-ocupación a ocupación sería evolutivo, sincrónico, orquestado con las demás ocupaciones cotidianas, flexible, y dependiente de la implicancia del cuidador en dicho proceso.Palabras claves: sueño, conciliación, autorregulación, activación, ocupación ABSTRACTThe aim of this first theoretical approach is to describe bedtime routine as a daily and meaningful occupation in the attainment of falling to sleep within the child´s first years of life. This occupation is based on the child´s ability to perform arousal self-regulation and has an important impact on present and future occupational performance.The study will focus on bedtime routine progression from co-occupation to the establishment of a meaningful and purposeful occupation. In order to show this progression, three important issues will be described: the placement of bedtime routine within a sleep-wake cycle; the main characteristics of the
El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una primera aproximación teórica, a fin de describir a la rutina para la conciliación del sueño como una ocupación cotidiana y significativa en los primeros años de vida del niño. Esta ocupación sienta sus bases en la habilidad de autorregulación de la activación del niño e impacta en su desempeño ocupacional presente y futuro. El trabajo focalizará en el desarrollo de la conciliación del sueño desde una co-ocupación, hacia la conformación de una ocupación significativa y con propósito. A fin de describir esta progresión, se analizarán tres puntos: la conciliación del sueño dentro del ciclo sueño - vigilia; las principales características del niño, cuidador primario y el ambiente en esta progresión; y las características del proceso que llevan a la conciliación del sueño desde una co-ocupación a una ocupación. El proceso de consolidación de la conciliación desde co-ocupación a ocupación sería evolutivo, sincrónico, orquestado con las demás ocupaciones cotidianas, flexible, y dependiente de la implicancia del cuidador en dicho proceso.
The incidence of overweight and obesity is alarming worldwide. In Argentina, multifactorial studies are scarce despite the high rates of childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB). In this study we assessed the prevalence of childhood OW/OB and the associated risk factors from a multicausal perspective: we analyzed sleep habits, screen use, chronic stress in children and their caregivers, social relationship problems, eating habits, and physical activity.Of the 397 first and seventh graders who completed the questionnaires, 41% had childhood OW/OB. In children with obesity, a lower level of physical activity, a lower consumption of protective foods, a higher risk for sleep disorders, higher levels of chronic stress (in both children and their caregivers), and higher rates of peer rejection were observed. Widespread use of screens before bedtime was noted in most children.This study evidences the diversity of factors associated with childhood OW/OB and highlights the convenience of a multidimensional approach to address it. In addition, the results of this study suggest the need to consider lifestyle habits as a preventive and therapeutic strategy for the management of OW/OB from early stages.
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