A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in proton–proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The datasets used correspond to integrated luminosities of approximately 4.8 fb−1 collected at √s=7 TeV in 2011 and 5.8 fb−1 at √s=8 TeV in 2012. Individual searches in the channels H→ZZ(⁎)→4ℓ, H→γγ and H→WW(⁎)→eνμν in the 8 TeV data are combined with previously published results of searches for H→ZZ(⁎), WW(⁎), bb and τ+τ− in the 7 TeV data and results from improved analyses of the H→ZZ(⁎)→4ℓ and H→γγ channels in the 7 TeV data. Clear evidence for the production of a neutral boson with a measured mass of 126.0±0.4(stat)±0.4(sys) GeV is presented. This observation, which has a significance of 5.9 standard deviations, corresponding to a background fluctuation probability of 1.7×10−9, is compatible with the production and decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson

Editorial Editorial rev Chil Pediatr 2012; 83 (5): 417-419 aspectos éticos en las publicaciones de revistas científicas de corriente principal las revistas de corriente principal (main stream journals) son aquellas revistas que publican resultados de investigación científica, que son arbitradas por pares (peer reviewed), que están indizadas en bases de datos interna-cionales de prestigio y que tienen influencia en el desarrollo del conocimiento universal. de estos cuatro elementos, el principal es el ca-rácter de "arbitrada por pares evaluadores", que supuestamente debe garantizar que los manuscritos representan una contribución original al conocimiento. El sistema de arbitraje por pares, con los defectos que pueda tener, es el único medio actual razonable para decidir entre lo publicable y lo no publicable 1. Sin embargo, el proceso no está diseñado para de-tectar algunos "vicios" tan propios de nuestro género humano. Conceptos como fraude, pla-gio, autoría desmerecida, duplicidad, fragmen-tación y exceso de autocitas son recurrentes entre las faltas cometidas por los autores. Pero los evaluadores y los editores tienen también sus propios "pecados" que atentan en contra de los aspectos éticos aceptados por la comunidad internacional. Para un editor es difícil controlar que no sucedan problemas relacionados con la ética en el proceso de publicación, problemas de los que ni el propio editor está exento. Las faltas más recurrentes de parte de los autores son el plagio y la autoría desmerecida, aunque otras malas prácticas aparecen también con cierta frecuencia. Las revistas más influyentes del mundo, en especial las del área de la salud, han ideado diversos sistemas para controlar la proliferación de estos males. Con moder-nos sistemas informáticos ya disponibles, el plagio puede ser fácilmente detectado hoy en día. Sin embargo, no se ha podido ni querido evitar la aparición de artículos con exceso de autores con lo que nos sorprende de vez en cuando la literatura, y que no tienen una expli-cación razonable. la publicación con múltiple autoría, y excesiva, sigue siendo aceptada por algunas revistas, al parecer por razones eco-nómicas más que académicas, lo que hace que el concepto de autoria válida vaya perdiendo sentido y los autores fantasmas proliferen en todos los ámbitos de la ciencia. a juzgar por los muchos artículos con una cantidad exce-siva e inexplicable de autores, el autor ya no es necesariamente aquel investigador que co-laboró en forma activa en la investigación y en la preparación del manuscrito y que puede de-fenderlo antes sus pares. Este fenómeno daña al sistema, porque los autores honestos que no practican la autoría desmerecida quedan en desventaja frente a un abultado curriculum de estos autores fantasmas. Un artículo publica-do en el Journal of Instrumentation con 2 926 autores de 169 instituciones parece ostentar el récord de múltiple autoría 2 y el investigador ruso Yuri Struchkov parece ser el autor más efi-ciente, al publicar desde 1981 hasta 1990 un

The recent dramatic rise in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has triggered intense research worldwide. However, high PCE values have often been reached with poor stability at an illuminated area of typically less than 0.1 square centimeter. We used heavily doped inorganic charge extraction layers in planar PSCs to achieve very rapid carrier extraction, even with 10- to 20-nanometer-thick layers, avoiding pinholes and eliminating local structural defects over large areas. The robust inorganic nature of the layers allowed for the fabrication of PSCs with an aperture area >1 square centimeter that have a PCE >15%, as certified by an accredited photovoltaic calibration laboratory. Hysteresis in the current-voltage characteristics was eliminated; the PSCs were stable, with >90% of the initial PCE remaining after 1000 hours of light soaking.

No abstract

Mast cells are primary effectors in allergic reactions, and may have significant roles in diseases by secreting histamine and various inflammatory and immunomodulatory substances1,2. While classically they are activated by IgE antibodies, a unique property of mast cells is their antibody-independent responsiveness to a range of cationic substances, collectively called basic secretagogues, including inflammatory peptides and drugs associated with allergic-type reactions1,3. Roles for these substances in pathology have prompted a decades-long search for their receptor(s). Here we report that basic secretagogues activate mouse mast cells in vitro and in vivo through a single receptor, MrgprB2, the orthologue of the human G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) MrgprX2. Secretagogue-induced histamine release, inflammation, and airway contraction are abolished in MrgprB2 null mutant mice. Further, we show that most classes of FDA-approved peptidergic drugs associated with allergic-type injection-site reactions also activate MrgprB2 and MrgprX2, and that injection-site inflammation is absent in mutant mice. Finally, we determine that MrgprB2 and MrgprX2 are targets of many small molecule drugs associated with systemic pseudo-allergic, or anaphylactoid, reactions; we show that drug-induced symptoms of anaphylactoid responses are significantly reduced in knockout mice, and we identify a common chemical motif in several of these molecules that may help predict side effects of other compounds. These discoveries introduce a mouse model to study mast cell activation by basic secretagogues and identify MrgprX2 as a potential therapeutic target to reduce a subset of drug-induced adverse effects.

A universally useful idea for preparing high quality perovskite films is proposed by retarding the crystallization of PbI2, which make possible highly reproducible planar structured perovskite solar cells.

The DØ experiment enjoyed a very successful data-collection run at the Fermilab Tevatron collider between 1992 and 1996. Since then, the detector has been upgraded to take advantage of improvements to the Tevatron and to enhance its physics capabilities. We describe the new elements of the detector, including the silicon microstrip tracker, central fiber tracker, solenoidal magnet, preshower detectors, forward muon detector, and forward proton detector. The uranium/liquid-argon calorimeters and central muon detector, remaining from Run I, are discussed briefly. We also present the associated electronics, triggering, and data acquisition systems, along with the design and implementation of software specific to DØ.

H. von der Schmitt 99 , J. von Loeben 99 , H. von Radziewski 48 , E. von Toerne 20 , V. Vorobel 126 , V. Vorwerk 11 , M. Vos 166 , R. Voss 29 , T.T. Voss 173 , J.H. Vossebeld 73 , N. Vranjes 12a , M. Vranjes Milosavljevic 12a , V. Vrba 125 , M. Vreeswijk 105 , T. Abstract The simulation software for the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is being used for large-scale production of events on the LHC Computing Grid. This simulation requires many components, from the generators that simulate particle collisions, through packages simulating the response of the various detectors and triggers. All of these components come together under the ATLAS simulation infrastructure. In this paper, that infrastructure is discussed, including that supporting the detector description , interfacing the event generation, and combining the GEANT4 simulation of the response of the individual detectors. Also described are the tools allowing the software validation, performance testing, and the validation of the simulated output against known physics processes.