The objective of this double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab 0.05% eye drops in dry eye patients. This study included Dry Eye Workshop Study (DEWS) Grade 3-4 dry eye participants (n = 31) whose tear break-up time (TBUT) was �5 seconds(s). Participants were randomized to undergo treatment with either bevacizumab 0.05% eye drops (n = 19) or placebo (n = 12). The primary outcome was TBUT, and the proportion of responders (increase of �3s in TBUT at week 12), ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, Schirmer test, and Oxford scheme grade were secondary outcomes. All outcomes were measured at 1-, 4-and 12 weeks. TBUT in bevacizumab group differed significantly from TBUT in placebo group within 12 weeks (P = 0.001). Moreover, the improvement of TBUT in bevacizumab group versus placebo group at 4-and 12 weeks differed significantly from that difference at baseline (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). The proportion of participants achieving increase of 3 seconds or more of TBUT at week 12 in the bevacizumab group was significantly greater than that in the placebo group (P = 0.02). Oxford scheme grade at 1-, 4-and 12 weeks differed significantly from the values at baseline in bevacizumab group (P = 0.001, P = 0.01, and P = 0.03, respectively). OSDI scores at 1-, 4-and 12-week follow-ups were significantly lower than that at baseline in bevacizumab group (P<0.001 at each follow-up). Schirmer test were not significantly different within or between groups (the lowest P = 0.92). No adverse events occurred in this study. Patients treated with bevacizumab 0.05% eye drops showed significant improvement in tear film stability, corneal staining and symptoms.
This study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.
Purpose To assess the impact of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on signs and symptoms of dry eye (DE) in affected eye of hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients and to compare the prevalence of DE between affected and non-affected eye in HFS patients. Patients and Methods This prospective study included participants with unilateral HFS, who received BTX-A injection as a treatment. The eyes ipsilateral to the spasm side were used as studied eyes and the contralateral eyes were used as controls. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, and Schirmer I test were measured at baseline, 1 and 3 months after BTX-A injection. Fluorescein clearance test (FCT) was evaluated at baseline and at 1 month after BTX-A injection. Results Thirty-one participants (6 males and 25 females; mean age 61±10 years) were included. The prevalence of DE according to the Asia Dry Eye Society was not significantly different between affected (37.93%) and non-affected eyes (27.6%); P=0.083. At baseline, there was no significant difference in TBUT, Schirmer test, basal tear secretion, presence of delayed tear clearance, and presence of reflex tear secretion between affected and non-affected eyes, while significant difference in Oxford scheme grade was observed (P=0.031). OSDI score, TBUT, Oxford scheme grade, and Schirmer test at 1 month (P=0.817, 0.796, 0.534, 0.556), and 3 months (P=0.803, 0.904, 0.936, 0.684) after BTX-A injection did not significantly change from baseline in affected eyes. FCT results were not significantly different between baseline and at 1-month follow-up in both groups. All findings were corresponding in both naïve and long-term botulinum toxin injection groups. Conclusion We found no significant effect of BTX-A on signs and symptoms of DE in patients with HFS. Moreover, there was no significant association between HFS and DE. However, we found significant corneal surface damage in the affected eyes, which emphasized importance of ocular surface evaluation and prompt treatment in HFS patients.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.