Diarrhea is common opportunistic infection in patient with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Diarrhea in patient with HIV infection that contributes the negatively to quality of life. The etiology of diarrhea in patient with HIV infection is multifactorial include infectious, non-infectious, ART-association diarrhea. In addition, this diarrhea can be associated with empiric therapy. This article a 31 years old male patient with 3 days fatigue and diarrhea. Physical examination dry mucous membranes, abdominal pain especially in in the upper abdomen and increase small bowel peristalsis. Stool examination test doesn’t have blood, parasites, and fungi. Stool cultures for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter organisms no presence. The treatment metronidazole oral 500 mg every 8 hours was again performed. Metronidazole is available for the management of diarrhea in patient with HIV that can’t be treated with other antibiotics.
Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of excess fluid in peritoneal cavity.1 Normally, peritoneal cavity contains 25–50 mL of ascitic fluid, which allows for the movement of bowel loops past one other and helps hydrate serousal surfaces. Cirrhosis is the most common cause of ascites in the Western world (75%), followed by peritoneal malignancy (12%), heart failure (5%) (include peripartum cardiomyopathy), and peritoneal tuberculosis (2%). A 19-years-old woman diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy. She came with chest pain and increased of her abdominal perimeter since 6 month ago, a month after she got cesarean delivery. She was given high protein and low sodium diet, water restriction, treated with furosemide 40 mg, spironolactone 25 mg, and abdominal paracentesis with total 1500 cc of yellowish ascites fluid was evacuated. Early detection is required in this case to ensure effective management without any complications. Treatment depends upon the cause of the ascites. Dietary sodium restriction and diuretics remains the first line therapy for its management. The use of diuretics needs close monitoring and follow up, including weight loss, electrolytes, and patient’s condition daily.
Background: In December 2019, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan City of Hubei Province of China, a worldwide pandemic. To describe clinical characteristics and length of stay of COVID-19 patients. Methodology: This was observational analytic using medical record data. Study participants were adults (age ³ 18 years) with a positive results on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of SARS-CoV-2. All confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Naibonat Regional General Hospital in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia between 2020 June and 2021 May were included the analysis. We excluded COVID-19 patients death were still hospitalized. Results: In this study, a total of 38 participants are analyzed. we found that significant association statistically of length of stay patients (p value <0.05) are age (p=0.003), cough symptom (p=0.017). Conclusion: In Conclusion, this study has shown that age and cough associated with length of stay.
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