This report describes the synthesis of a layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)–tungsten disulfide (WS2) heterostructure onto fluorine doped tin oxide covered glass substrates using a combination of chemical bath deposition and RF sputtering techniques. FESEM images revealed that the MoS2–WS2 heterostructure surface consisted of a cauliflower structured array of grains with spherical structures. The vertically aligned atomic layers were explored by transmission electron microscopy images for MoS2–WS2 heterostructure. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics show overpotentials of 151 and 175 mV @ 10 mA/cm2 with Tafel slope values of 90 and 117 mV/decade for pristine MoS2 and WS2 electrocatalysts, respectively. Improved electrocatalytic activity for HER was established with overpotential 129 mV @ 10 mA/cm2 and Tafel slope 72 mV/decade for the MoS2–WS2 heterostructure. The MoS2–WS2 heterostructure electrocatalyst showed robust continuous HER performance over 20 h in an acidic solution. This improved electrochemical performance emerges from the elevation of electron–hole separation at the layer interfaces and sharing of active edge sites through the interface. This study provides the basis to develop new applications for transition-metal dichalcogenides heterostructures in future energy conversion systems.

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Recently, HLA epitopes on donor HLA molecules have been shown to be important in the success of solid organ transplantation. However, these epitopes can only be defined using high‐resolution typing results of which are often not available prior to deceased donor allocation. The ability to perform high‐resolution typing at all HLA loci for deceased organ donor allocation prior to transplantation would have major clinical benefits, in particular for highly sensitised recipients. We, therefore, developed a rapid high‐resolution next generation sequencing (NGS) HLA typing (ONT‐Rapid HR HLA) method for on‐call deceased donor allocation using the AllType 11 loci single‐tube assay (OneLambda Inc), modified in‐house to reduce polymerase chain reaction amplification time, and the Oxford Nanopore single‐molecule sequencing platform on the Flongle flow cell. The ONT‐Rapid HR HLA method was validated on 42 samples previously typed by current on‐call sequence‐specific oligonucleotide (HistoSpot) and NGS methods (AllType/Ion Torrent). High‐resolution typing obtained using the ONT‐Rapid HR HLA typing method was 100% concordant with both the current SSO and NGS methods, and in some cases, obtained higher resolution than either of the current methods. The rapid ONT‐Rapid HR HLA typing method was able to obtain these typing results at all loci in 4 to 4.5 hours. The novel ONT‐Rapid HR HLA typing method is the first reported NGS HLA typing method utilised for deceased donor allocation. The ability to provide high‐resolution HLA typing on deceased donors before implantation will in the future allow improvements in matching, which will ultimately provide clinical benefits to patients.