The increase in energy demand caused by industrialization leads to abundant CO 2 emissions into atmosphere and induces abrupt rise in earth temperature. It is vital to acquire relatively simple and cost-effective technologies to separate CO 2 from the flue gas and reduce its environmental impact. Solid adsorption is now considered an economic and least interfering way to capture CO 2 , in that it can accomplish the goal of small energy penalty and few modifications to power plants. In this regard, we attempt to review the CO 2 adsorption performances of several types of solid adsorbents, including zeolites, clays, activated carbons, alkali metal oxides and carbonates, silica materials, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and polymerized high internal phase emulsions. These solid adsorbents have been assessed in their CO 2 adsorption capacities along with other important parameters including adsorption kinetics, effect of water, recycling stability and regenerability. In particular, the superior properties of adsorbents enhanced by impregnating or grafting amine groups have been discussed for developing applicable candidates for industrial CO 2 capture.
A meso/macroporous interconnected polymer sorbent was
prepared
for CO2 capture by means of suspension polymerization of
water-in-oil emulsion in aqueous solution. In the emulsion, poly(ethyleneimine)
was dissolved in the water phase and enveloped into the oil phase
containing glycidyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
After polymerization and dehydration, poly(ethyleneimine) chains were
grafted onto the macroporous surface of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-trimethylolpropane
triacrylate) via the reaction between amine and epoxy groups. Physicochemical
characterizations were carried out to evaluate its comprehensive performance
in the adsorption/desorption process. The sorbent has exhibited optimum
porous structure, high CO2/N2 selectivity, acceptable
CO2 uptake, and enhanced anti-oxidation and anti-urea capacities.
Notably, the energy penalty for sorbent regeneration is 2.31 MJ·kg–1(CO2), lower than the consumptions in the
systems of alcohol amine absorption or poly(ethyleneimine)–silica
adsorption.
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