Background: Hypertension is 1 of the major global public health challenges, which means that patients with hypertension need more measures to control their blood pressure. Currently, smart phones and applications are developing rapidly, and mobile health applications are used to manage hypertension, but evidences related to effectiveness are limited. Objective: The purpose was to assess the impact of m-Health apps on blood pressure control, medication adherence. Methods: 480 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group used the “Yan Fu” app to manage their blood pressure, and the control group did not use any m-Health apps. The outcomes were changes in blood pressure, the percentage of participants with their blood pressure under control and medication adherence. Results: At the end of the study, the baseline characteristics between the 2 groups had no statistically differences ( P > .05). Participants in the 2 groups all had lower systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure than they did at baseline, and the intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure reduction than the control group ( P < .05). Additionally, the percentage of participants with controlled blood pressure was higher in the intervention group ( P < .05). The medication adherence of the intervention group was much higher than that of the control group ( P < .05). Conclusion: M-Health apps are effective for hypertension management, it can favor the medication adherence and blood pressure control. Perhaps m-Health apps can be promoted in the blood pressure control. Trial Registration: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry under the number ChiCTR-IOR-17012069.
Research Summary While geographic and cultural distances deter firms' international expansion, they do so via different mechanisms, such that firms with advantages in overcoming one‐dimension may face disadvantages in overcoming the other. Larger, older, and state‐owned firms have better access to resources in their home countries than smaller, younger, and non‐state‐owned firms, and thus are less concerned about the high operating costs associated with larger geographic distances. However, they are less adaptable to culturally distant countries and thus are more concerned about larger cultural distances. We propose that firm size, age, and state ownership weaken the deterrent effect of geographic distance while amplifying the deterrent effect of cultural distance. Results using data on Chinese firms' location choices of foreign direct investments in 2001–2013 support our predictions. Managerial Summary A key decision that managers need to make in expanding overseas is the foreign location choice. Although managers generally refrain from expanding to geographically and culturally distant countries, the importance of geographic and cultural distances in their consideration varies across firms, which tend to differ in resource endowment and adaptability. Because larger, older, and state‐owned firms are better positioned to absorb additional operating costs but are less adaptable to foreign countries' local environments than smaller, younger, and non‐state‐owned firms, the deterrent effect of geographic distance (cultural distance) is weaker (stronger) for the former than for the latter. Our findings show that foreign countries that seem to be good fits when considering geographic distance may be misfits when considering cultural distance, and vice versa.
We describe a clinical research visit scheduling system that can potentially coordinate clinical research visits with patient care visits and increase efficiency at clinical sites where clinical and research activities occur simultaneously. Participatory Design methods were applied to support requirements engineering and to create this software called Integrated Model for Patient Care and Clinical Trials (IMPACT). Using a multi-user constraint satisfaction and resource optimization algorithm, IMPACT automatically synthesizes temporal availability of various research resources and recommends the optimal dates and times for pending research visits. We conducted scenario-based evaluations with 10 clinical research coordinators (CRCs) from diverse clinical research settings to assess the usefulness, feasibility, and user acceptance of IMPACT. We obtained qualitative feedback using semi-structured interviews with the CRCs. Most CRCs acknowledged the usefulness of IMPACT features. Support for collaboration within research teams and interoperability with electronic health records and clinical trial management systems were highly requested features. Overall, IMPACT received satisfactory user acceptance and proves to be potentially useful for a variety of clinical research settings. Our future work includes comparing the effectiveness of IMPACT with that of existing scheduling solutions on the market and conducting field tests to formally assess user adoption.
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