IntroductionProvisional stenting (PS) for simple coronary bifurcation lesions is the mainstay of treatment. A systematic two-stent approach is widely used for complex bifurcation lesions (CBLs). However, a randomised comparison of PS and two-stent techniques for CBLs has never been studied. Accordingly, the present study is designed to elucidate the benefits of two-stent treatment over PS in patients with CBLs.Methods and analysisThis DEFINITION II study is a prospective, multinational, randomised, endpoint-driven trial to compare the benefits of the two-stent technique with PS for CBLs. A total of 660 patients with CBLs will be randomised in a 1:1 fashion to receive either PS or the two-stent technique. The primary endpoint is the rate of 12-month target lesion failure defined as the composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI) and clinically driven target lesion revascularisation. The major secondary endpoints include all causes of death, MI, target vessel revascularisation, in-stent restenosis, stroke and each individual component of the primary endpoints. The safety endpoint is the occurrence of definite or probable stent thrombosis.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol and informed consent have been approved by the Institutional Review Board of Nanjing First Hospital, and accepted by each participating centre. Written informed consent was obtained from all enrolled patients. Findings of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02284750; Pre-results.
Abstract:Aim:We aimed to determine the effects of exhaustion exercise on HO-1 expression, the function of improving the sports ability and promoting the exercise induced fatigue in mice.Methods:Breeding, adaptively exercise BDF1 mice, 6 weeks age.They were randomly divided into normal saline control group,zinc protoporphyrin pharmacological inhibition group, the cobalt protoporphyrin drug induced group, HO-1 genetically modified group, each group was used for exhaustion exercise on the treadmill, and divided into immediate group and 24h after exhaustion groups.HO-1mRNA and protein, serum CK, BUN, urine protein were measured by using RT-PCR,Western-blot method, kinetic method, two point method and coomassie brilliant blue method. Results:The results indicated that HO-1mRNA expression increased after exhaustion exercise in the salinegroup, the other three groups changed little, HO-1 protein after exhaustion exercise of the saline group and drug inhibition group was higher than pre-exercise,24h after exercise obviously declined,24h after exhaustion exercise in drug induced group was higher than pre-exercise than immediately exercise.Exhaustion exercise time of the drug induced group(383.08±65.04min) and genetically modified mice(468.25±52.41min)was longer than the pharmacological inhibition (341.08±73.03min)and saline group(468.25±52.41min),significant variations were found in them(p<0.05). CK, BUN and urine protein removal were faster in drug induced group, the pharmacological inhibition of the group was slower. CK, BUN were faster in genetically modified group, but urine protein was in a higher level. Conclusion:Exhaustion exercise can induce skeletal muscle HO-1 expression of the wild type mice, it is not obvious in the higher HO-1 expression mice. Expression of HO-1 must be within limits, which can enhance mice exercise ability and promote the recovery of exercise fatigue.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.