The origin of the nuclear tensor interaction in the covariant energy density functional (EDF) is presented in this work, associated with the Fock diagrams of Lorentz scalar and vector couplings. With this newly obtained relativistic formalism of the nuclear tensor interaction, more distinct tensor effects are found in the Fock diagrams of the Lorentz scalar and vector couplings, as compared to the Lorentz pseudovector and tensor channels. A unified and self-consistent treatment of both the nuclear tensor and spin-orbit interactions, which dominate the spin-dependent features of the nuclear force, is then achieved by the relativistic models. Moreover, careful analysis of the tensor strengths indicates the reliability of the nuclear tensor interaction in the covariant EDF for exploring the nuclear structure, excitation, and decay modes.
With the relativistic representation of the nuclear tensor force that is included automatically by the Fock diagrams, we explored the self-consistent tensor effects on the properties of a nuclear matter system. The analysis was performed within the density-dependent relativistic Hartree-Fock (DDRHF) theory. The tensor force is found to notably influence the saturation mechanism, the equation of state, and the symmetry energy of nuclear matter, as well as the neutron star properties. Without introducing any additional free parameters, the DDRHF approach is a natural way to reveal the tensor effects on the nuclear matter system.
Multifunctional and smart solar-blind photodetectors are of great significance for many applications, particularly for communications, optoelectronic circuits, and environmental risk monitoring. In this study, a wire-shaped photoanode of the solar-blind photoelectrochemical (PEC)-type photodetector based on an α-Ga2O3 nanorods/electrolyte solid/liquid heterojunction is realized. In photovoltaic devices, a junction generally comprises two different solid materials to facilitate the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Similarly, a solid/liquid junction is formed between the semiconductor and the electrolyte in a PEC photodetector. The apparent rectification characteristics of the dark current indicate that the energy bands bend at the α-Ga2O3 nanorods/electrolyte interface. The local electric field in the semiconductor effectively promotes the separation of carriers. The photodetectors exhibit a high light/dark current ratio ( Ilight/ Idark) of 68.7; fast rise and decay response times of 0.1 and 0.06 s, respectively; and a high responsivity of 11.2 mA/W (@230 nm) at zero bias. The wire-shaped photoanode is beneficial for realizing potential omnidirectional solar-blind detection.
S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), an organic compound and a natural constituent of Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic have been consumed in routine foods are known to possess various biological activities. Nevertheless, scientific evidence on the protective effect of SAC against neonatal asthmatic rats is not available. The present study aimed at investigating the anti-asthmatic activity of SAC in neonatal asthmatic rats using Wistar rats. The study conducted in four groups consists of normal control rats, asthma-induced, asthma animals administered with SAC (25 mg/kg), and SAC control. At the end of experimental period, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory markers, fibrinogen level, activated partial thromboplastin time, coagulation factor activity, and histopathology were elucidated. The current investigation exhibits that SAC significantly reduced the total leukocytes, with restored fibrinogen level, and activated partial thromboplastin time. In addition, the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were also attenuated in SAC treated animals. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, MCP-1, RANTES, and Eotoxin were reduced in SAC treated animals. Treatment of rats with SAC significantly reduced inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs. These results suggest that SAC exert protection in neonatal asthmatic rats suffering from acute or chronic inflammation by inducing anti-inflammatory and cell-protective responses.
A supply of high-quality cultural tourism products effectively promotes people’s happiness. This study takes the coupling and coordination relationship between cultural tourism (CT) and objective well-being (OWB) in western China as the research object and constructs an index evaluation system for the development levels of cultural tourism and objective welfare, which are divided into three development stages of dysfunctional, transitional, and coordinated development and 10 coordination levels, including high-quality coordination. The entropy weight method, coupled coordination model, Thiel index, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were used to calculate the comprehensive development index and coupling coordination degree of the CT and OWB systems in western China from 2007 to 2020, and then their evolution characteristics were analyzed from the perspectives of time and space. The results show the following: (1) The comprehensive development capacity of the CT and OWB systems in the western region shows a relatively consistent growth trend except for 2020, the overall development capacity of objective welfare was relatively high, and the development capacity of cultural tourism was relatively low. (2) The CT and OWB systems were in a state of transition from high coupling and low coordination to high coupling and high coordination, which were divided into three development stages: imbalanced stage (2007–2008), transitional stage (2009–2011), and coordinated development (2012–2020). The coordination degree has developed steadily from moderate misalignment to good coordination over time, and the diversified characteristics of coupling coordination levels are obvious. (3) The spatial equilibrium of the CT and OWB systems is obvious, and the spatial difference in the western region is getting smaller, but the relative gap is widening significantly. (4) The comprehensive development capacity of the cultural tourism system should be enhanced, the spiritual needs of residents based on objective well-being should be met, and the sustainable development of the CT and OWB systems.
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