Klinefelter syndrome and Y-chromosomal microdeletion analyses were once the only two genetic tests offered to infertile men. Analyses of aurora kinase C (AURKC) and DPY19L2 are now recommended for patients presenting macrozoospermia and globozoospermia, respectively, two rare forms of teratozoospermia particularly frequent among North African men. We carried out genetic analyses on Algerian patients, to evaluate the prevalence of these syndromes in this population and to compare it with the expected frequency of Klinefelter syndrome and Y-microdeletions. We carried out a retrospective study on 599 consecutive patients consulting for couple infertility at the assisted reproduction unit of the Ibn Rochd Clinique, Constantine, Algeria. Abnormal sperm parameters were observed in 404 men. Fourteen and seven men had typical macrozoospermia and globozoospermia profiles, respectively. Molecular diagnosis was carried out for these patients, for the AURKC and DPY19L2 genes. Eleven men with macrozoospermia had a homozygous AURKC mutation (79%), corresponding to 2.7% of all patients with abnormal spermograms. All the men with globozoospermia studied (n = 5), corresponding to 1.2% of all infertile men, presented a homozygous DPY19L2 deletion. By comparison, we would expect 1.6% of the patients in this cohort to have Klinefelter syndrome and 0.23% to have Y-microdeletion. Our findings thus indicate that AURKC mutations are more frequent than Klinefelter syndrome and constitute the leading genetic cause of infertility in North African men. Furthermore, we estimate that AURKC and DPY19L2 molecular defects are 10 and 5 times more frequent, respectively, than Y-microdeletions.
Infertility is one of the major gynecological problems In Algeria and in many other parts of the world. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors and etiology associated to infertility in Eastern Algerian couples. This pro-spective study was conducted in the centre of assisted reproduction Ibn Rochd Clinic, Constantine, Algeria. A total of 346 infertile couples were in-cluded. The variables including socio-demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), and infertility status (e.g. type of infertility, duration, etc.) were assessed by a self-administered and validated questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0.The most common causes of male and female infertility were varicocele (28.3%) and ovulation disorders (43.07%), respectively, militaries was the most represented group of the study 34.1%.(80.1%) of infertile couples suffered from primary infertility and (19.1%) had secondary infertility. There was a significant association be-tween female factor infertility and, age at marriage of women, Place of resi-dence, BMI (Body mass Index), and menstrual cycle regularities (P < 0.005). There was also a significant relationship between male factor infertility men’s age at marriage, profession, place of residence, and smoking (P < 0.005).An important step towards reducing the occurrence of these risk fac-tors can be taken, given the various risk factors for infertility, by offering different education classes during the premarital, prenatal, pregnancy and postnatal periods in order to inform couples about controllable risk factors.
Context and objective: Infertility is a relatively common pathology in Algeria. The causes are multiple and often remain undetermined, as a result the ma-jority of couples turn to assisted reproduction. The aim of this study was to highlight the different risk factors that cause failures and / or abortions after an intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) attempt. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study, involving a sample of 90 patients who attempted ICSI. Using an interrogation, the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical parameters were recorded. Results: Our results showed that 78% of women had failures, 11% had miscarriages. Age was shown to be a deci-sive factor in the occurrence of miscarriages (p <0.05). Stress is positively correlated with the occurrence of spontaneous miscarriages (p <0.05). Diet also plays a big role in the success of ICSI, especially snacks which significant-ly influence the occurrence of miscarriage (p <0.05). The study found a high rate of failures and abortions in overweight (83%) and obese (77%) patients. Treatment of ovarian stimulation is much higher in obese compared to nor-mal overweight (p <0.05). Pregnancies in women of normal weight signifi-cantly exceeded other categories (p <0.05). Smoking in these two active or passive forms has a negative influence on the sperm quality, as well as the behavior of the fetus (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The results found are testimony to the failures and resulting abortions after ICSI.
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