BACKGROUNDThe aim of the study is to assess the sensitivity and specificity of AMACR (P504S) in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma and to correlate serum PSA value in Carcinoma Prostate, atypia, PIN, prostatitis and nodular hyperplasia. This was an observational descriptive study carried out in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam. MATERIALS AND METHODSTotal of 120 cases of prostatic needle biopsies (processed routinely for H and E and IHC) during the period of 18 months from August 2014 to January 2016 were studied. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Chi-square test was used to find if there was any statistically significant association between the levels of serum PSA and histopathological findings studied. RESULTSAmong 93/120 cases confirmed as carcinoma by H and E, 85 cases (91.3%) showed AMACR positivity. Among 5/120 cases confirmed as atypical glands suspicious for malignancy by H and E, 4 cases (80%) showed AMACR positivity. Out of 3/120 cases confirmed as PIN by H and E, 2 cases (66%) showed AMACR positivity. Out of 19/120 cases confirmed as benign prostatic hyperplasia by H and E, all the 19 cases (100%) showed AMACR negativity. High grade carcinoma (Gleason pattern 5) showed AMACR negativity. Sensitivity and specificity of AMACR in prostatic carcinoma were 90% and 100% respectively. Positive predictive value of AMACR in prostatic carcinoma was 100% and negative predictive value of AMACR in prostatic carcinoma was 65%; 99% of prostatic carcinoma showed high serum PSA value. CONCLUSIONH and E is the gold standard for diagnosing prostatic neoplasia. AMACR helps in confirming the diagnosis of carcinoma in the cases of atypical glands/suspicious of malignancy. But AMACR negativity does not exclude the possibility of carcinoma. So along with positive marker (AMACR), basal cell marker (negative marker, p63/HMWCK) is useful in diagnosing the morphologically suspicious cases. BACKGROUNDThe most common malignancy of prostate is adenocarcinoma, which accounts for more than 25% of all malignancies in men. 1 In developing countries even though prostatic carcinoma is less common, its incidence and mortality is on the rise. 2 It is a disease gaining importance worldwide. In Indian population, the incidence ranges from 5.39 to 6.58/1 lakh population. 3 Currently, the mainstay of detection of early prostatic carcinoma is by the triad of level of total serum PSA, digital rectal examination and TRUS-guided core needle
BACKGROUND Lung carcinoma is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Most non-small cell lung carcinomas are inoperable and histologic diagnosis made on small biopsy samples are prone to diagnostic inaccuracy. So, precise subtyping of poorly differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) into adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma has a direct impact on management of patient and prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of immunohistochemistry profile using p63 and TTF-1 for differentiating nonsmall cell lung carcinoma into squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This descriptive study was conducted to assess p63 and TTF-1 expression in 80 cases of non-small cell lung carcinoma received in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam during a period of 18 months (March 2016-September 2017). RESULTS Present study includes 80 cases of histologically diagnosed NSCLC. Of the study population, 73 cases (91.25%) were males and 7 cases (8.75%) were females. Among males, squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histological subtype and adenocarcinoma is the predominant subtype in females. In this study, peak incidence is between 60-69 years of age. The mean age is 61 years. Out of the 80 histologically diagnosed cases of NSCLC studied, after IHC confirmation 47 were squamous cell carcinoma (58.75%), 27 were adenocarcinoma (38.75%), 3 were adenosquamous (3.75%) and rest 3 were NSCLC-NOS (3.75%). Histologically diagnosed cases of squamous cell carcinoma show 100% positivity for p63 and adenocarcinoma shows 100% positivity for TTF-1. CONCLUSION Both p63 and TTF-1 have 100% expression in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma respectively. Hence, these markers may be recommended for subtyping of poorly differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).
BACKGROUND In cases of sudden death, myocarditis is not an unusual finding especially when communicable diseases of viral origin are on the rise. Detection of myocarditis poises a diagnostic challenge to clinicians due to the absence of specific symptoms and there is a possibility of this being masqueraded as myocardial infarction. Examination of autopsy specimens are of utmost importance to detect the underlying etiology. For diagnosis of myocarditis histopathological examination of cardiac tissue is the gold standard. This is carried out based on Dallas criteria. Aim-This study was done to assess the, gross and histopathology findings in myocarditis in post mortem specimens in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala over a span of 4 years. METHODS This is a descriptive observational study. All cases of Myocarditis diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Medical College, Kottayam during the period of 4 years from January 2012 to December 2015 were included. Age distribution, gross and histopathologic findings were studied using the registers, post mortem specimens and histopathology slides in the department. Immunohistochemical studies were done in paraffin blocks of all newly diagnosed cases of myocarditis and some previously diagnosed cases the data was analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS We received a total of 82 cases of myocarditis. The age distribution ranged from 75 days to 83 years. There was greater predilection for males accounting for 62% of cases. Inflammation was found in all cases and the predominant inflammatory cells were lymphocytes seen in 73% of cases. Myocyte necrosis was found in majority of the cases (98%). CONCLUSIONS Myocarditis was found to be an important cause of sudden death accounting for 0.15%.The age group affected was more in the 3 rd and 4 th decade,which was comparable with other similar studies. Viral myocarditis constituted the majority of cases and mononuclear inflammation was seen in myocardium. Myocarditis was seen as part of systemic inflammation in 70% of cases. Application of Dallas criteria was helpful in diagnosis but correlation with clinical details and meticulous examination of coronaries are also needed to exclude conditions which may mimic myocarditis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.