One of main challenges of fourth generation wireless networks (4G) will be the integration of various mobile technologies such as CDMA 1xEV-DO RA, UMTS/HSDPA and WiMAX. In this paper, the interoperability between the CDMA 1xEV-DO RA and the UMTS/HSDPA in the 4G context is investigated. New algorithms for vertical handoff traffic acceptance are proposed considering the link occupation, the buffer occupation, the radio signal strength (RSS) or the quantum size (DRR) of each 3G system, taken individually or in combination of them, as inputs for decision of vertical handoff process. Different algorithms are evaluated through QoS metrics such as the average packet delay and the loss percentage in function of vertical handoff traffic load. The results showed that depending on the chosen algorithm it is possible to assure the QoS of 1xEV-DO RA and UMTS/HSDPA systems and still to accept a good amount of vertical handoff traffic. 157 312
The analysis and new results of the resonance frequency and radiation pattern of antennas array, for glass fiber FR-4 substrate using superconductor and copper patch, are presented. The linear superconducting rectangular antennas array uses the new materials SnBaCaCuOy at temperature of 160 K with conductivity equal 1.5 x 10 5 S/m. The concise full wave Transverse Transmission Line (TTL) method is used in the analysis and to obtain some results. The HFSS is also used and new results for the reflection coefficient (S 11), return loss as functions of the resonant frequency, and pattern radiation of antennas array, are presented.
a one-cell TL comprising shunt inductors on YIG. An enhanced and tunable nonreciprocal effect is observed at 8.5 GHz. The measured results are confirmed by three-dimensional numerical simulation as shown in Figure 4(b). Analytical derivation of the dispersion diagram yields results comparable to those shown in Ref. 7.
CONCLUSIONA nonreciprocal CRLH TL on YIG substrate has been processed, measured, and simulated. The line comprises shunt inductive but no series capacitive loading. This circuit configuration is simpler than a CRLH nonreciprocal line loaded with additional series capacitances. The nonreciprocal and left-handed characteristics were verified experimentally, numerically, and analytically. The structure achieves a large isolation of 20 dB with a transmission coefficient of 27 dB and can be tuned with the polarizing field. These enhanced isolation performances compared to the standard CPW configuration are very attractive and can be implemented in isolators and phase shifters.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTAll the samples were processed in the NanoLyon technological platform.ABSTRACT: This article presents a numerical and experimental analysis of rectangular slot resonators with multilayer of substrates. The transverse transmission line method, to determine the resonant frequency, was used. Optimization was performed starting of numerical analysis and the proposed device designed for a frequency of 3.31 GHz. Through an experimental investigation carried out, an analysis of the simulated versus measured was observed. The behaviors of the characteristic radiation with the variation of the height of the dielectric substrates are analyzed, presenting good results. Figure 11 Radiation diagrams 2D and 3D radiation pattern in the E and H planes for the multilayer slot antenna for an h 2 5 5.0 mm and resonant frequency of 3.31 GHz. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com]ABSTRACT: A new multiple-tap microwave photonic notch filter structure that can realize a flat group delay, while simultaneously obtaining a narrow notch filter response, is presented. It is based on using wavelength division multiplexed light circulating in a Sagnac loop. Experimental results are presented that verify the new concept.
The analysis of the resonance frequency, efficiency, quality factor and pattern fields of microstrip antennas array, with superconductor patch for high critical temperatures, and PBG (Photonic Band Gap) substrate, are presented. The concise full wave Transverse Transmission Line (TTL) method is used in the analysis. New results of the resonance frequency, efficiency, quality factor and pattern fields of microstrip antennas array are presented.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.