A common characteristic of communication on online social networks is that it happens via short messages, often using nonstandard language variations. These characteristics make this type of text a challenging text genre for natural language processing. Moreover, in these digital communities it is easy to provide a false name, age, gender and location in order to hide one's true identity, providing criminals such as pedophiles with new possibilities to groom their victims. It would therefore be useful if user profiles can be checked on the basis of text analysis, and false profiles flagged for monitoring. This paper presents an exploratory study in which we apply a text categorization approach for the prediction of age and gender on a corpus of chat texts, which we collected from the Belgian social networking site Netlog. We examine which types of features are most informative for a reliable prediction of age and gender on this difficult text type and perform experiments with different data set sizes in order to acquire more insight into the minimum data size requirements for this task.
The translator as a writer: Text production competence as a component of translation competenceMost translation scholars and practitioners believe that translators should be able to write. What this writing competence for translators entails and
how it differs from the competence of writers remains undiscussed. In this article we compare the relevant literature from translation studies and writing research. Translation competence models do not mention writing competence but refer (implicitly) to text-productive competence. This term
emphasizes that the text-production that takes place during the translation process may be more or less source text-oriented and therefore may resemble to a greater or lesser extent other forms of text production. The translator’s text-productive competence seems to be restricted to
communicative competence in the target language, building on declarative but predominantly procedural lexical, grammatical, pragmatic and textual knowledge. This communicative competence in the TL cannot be viewed in isolation of the ability to control interference from the source text and
source language. The translator’s text-productive competence also appears to build on strategic knowledge. A comparison between the competences of writers and of translators shows that they indeed share many identical knowledge types, skills, abilities and attitudes. Although a number
of writing subcompetences bear great resemblance with translation subcompetences, closer examination reveals divergence in their scope, their purpose and organisation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.