BackgroundThe prescription of the oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban to prevent thromboembolic episodes associated with orthopaedic surgery has dramatically increased since it was introduced. Rivaroxaban is beeing prescribed although recent in-vitro studies revealed that it impaired osteoblast metabolism. In this study we analysed the effect of rivaroxaban on fracture healing in a rat femur fracture model.MethodsFemur fractures were created by a 3-point-bending device in 48 Wistar rats and subsequently stabilized by intramedullary nailing. After the surgical procedure animals were randomised into four groups. Two groups were fed with 3 mg rivaroxaban per kg body weight per day and two control groups were fed with chow only. Animals were euthanized 28 or 49 days after surgical procedure. Femurs underwent undecalcified histologic staining micro CT scanning and biomechanical testing. The statistical significance was evaluated using one-way Anova with Bonferroni correction.ResultsMicro CT-scans revealed significantly increased volume of bone tissue in the fracture zone between day 28 and 49. During the same time callus volume decreased significantly. Comparing the fracture zone of the rivaroxaban group to the control group the treated group revealed a larger callus and a marginal increase of the tissue mineral density. The torsional rigidity was not influenced by the treatment of rivaroxaban.ConclusionIn the present study we were able to demonstrate that rivaroxaban does not impair fracture healing in a rat femur fracture model. Considering the fact that low molecular weight heparins delay fracture healing significantly, rivaroxaban might be an improved alternative.
Phosphate Compounds (BaO-Nb2O5-P2O5). -BaNb2P2O11 (I) and Ba3Nb2P4O18 (II) are synthesized by solid state reactions of stoichiometric mixtures of BaCO3, Nb2O5, and (NH4)2HPO4 (1100-1200°C, 4 h). The compounds are characterized by powder XRD, SEM, TEM, UV/VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy, and DFT electronic band structure calculations. (I) crystallizes in the trigonal space group R3 and (II) in the triclinic space group P1. The structures contain corner-sharing NbO6 octahedra as well as PO4 tetrahedra. (I) exhibits a higher photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution from water under UV irradiation, and its photocatalytic activity is enhanced by loading it with an NiOx cocatalyst. The difference in the photocatalytic activity of the two compounds is attributed to their different electronic band structures.
First experience with PEEK plate osteosynthesis demonstrate quick clinical implementation with good clinical outcome and the advantage of excellent postoperative radiological assessment. At early follow-up PEEK even showed a trend for improved functional results.
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