Azido 18F-arenes are important and versatile building blocks for radiolabeling of biomolecules via Huisgen cycloaddition (‘click chemistry’) in positron emission tomography (PET). However, routine access of such clickable agents is challenged by inefficient multi-step and esoteric radiochemical approaches. Herein we describe a high-yielding direct radiofluorination for azido 18F-arenes by developing an oxygen ortho-stabilized iodonium derivative (OID). This OID strategy addresses an unmet need for a reliable azido 18F-arene clickable agent in bioconjugation reactions. A ssDNA aptamer is radiolabeled and visualized in a xenograft mouse model of human colon cancer by PET, which demonstrates a convenient and highly efficient way of labeling biomolecules and tracking them by OID approach.
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been demonstrated to be closely involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and pharmacological blockade of LRRK2 represents a new opportunity for therapeutical treatment of PD and other related neurodegenerative conditions. The development of an LRRK2-specific positron emission tomography (PET) ligand would enable a target occupancy study in vivo and greatly facilitate LRRK2 drug discovery and clinical translation as well as provide a molecular imaging tool for studying physiopathological changes in neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we present the design and development of compound 8 (PF-06455943) as a promising PET radioligand through a PET-specific structure−activity relationship optimization, followed by comprehensive pharmacology and ADME/neuroPK characterization. Following an efficient 18 F-labeling method, we have confirmed high brain penetration of [ 18 F]8 in nonhuman primates (NHPs) and validated its specific binding in vitro by autoradiography in postmortem NHP brain tissues and in vivo by PET imaging studies.
Fluorine-18 labeled 2-fluoro-8-hydroxyquinoline ([18F]CABS13) is a promising positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical based on a metal chelator developed to probe the “metal hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease”. Herein, a practical radiosynthesis of [18F]CABS13 was achieved by radiofluorination followed by deprotection of an O-benzyloxymethyl group. Automated production and formulation of [18F]CABS13 resulted in 19 ± 5% uncorrected radiochemical yield, relative to starting [18F]fluoride, with ≥95% chemical and radiochemical purities, and high specific activity (>2.5 Ci/μmol) within 80 minutes. Temporal PET neuroimaging studies were carried out in female transgenic B6C3- Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/J (APP/PS1) and age-matched wild-type (WT) B6C3F1/J control mice at 3, 7 and 10 months of age. [18F]CABS13 showed an overall higher uptake and retention of radioactivity in the central nervous system of APP/PS1 mice versus WT mice with increasing age. However, PET/magnetic resonance imaging in normal non-human primates revealed that the tracer had low uptake in the brain and rapid formation of a hydrophilic radiometabolite. Identification of more metabolically stable 18F-hydroxyquinolines that can be readily accessed by the radiochemical strategy presented herein is underway.
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