-Five hundred and four 1-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 18 treatments and fed a semi-purified basal diet (4 g/kg total phosphorus) supplemented with 2 levels of supplemental P (0.5 or 1 g/kg) during 21 days to evaluate performance and bone mineralization; to assess the relative bioavailability of P (RBP) in wheat meal (WM) and roasted (RS) or extruded soybean meal (ES), with or without phytase (0 or 750 ftu/kg diet), using dicalcium phosphate (DC) as standard; and to estimate phosphorus excretion. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed to gain ratio (FG), and tibia ash weigh (AW) were assessed. For each source, the RBP was calculated by the slope ratio method, when tibia ash weight was regressed on P ingested. Ingested and fecal P was determined to calculate P intake, and P excretion and excretion rate. Phytase addition increased overall FI, WG, and FG ratio by 3.3, 2.6 and 0.8%, respectively, but differences were not significant. Overall AW was increased by 10.8% after the enzyme inclusion in the diets. The relative bioavailability of phosphorus values of tested WM, RS, and ES were increased by 6.32, 64.32, 76.99%, respectively, in response to supplementation of phytase in diets containing WM, RS, and ES, respectively. Phytase reduced P excretion by 12.7% and the excretion rate by 15.0%, regardless of the phosphorus source or level.
Quatrocentos e vinte pintos de corte Cobb 500, machos de 1 dia de idade, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 15 tratamentos com 4 repetições, em teste utilizando baterias (7 aves/gaiola), com duração de 21 dias, para determinar a biodisponibilidade relativa de fósforo (BRP) em três ingredientes, com duas características genéticas (baixo fósforo fítico ou convencional). Utilizou-se uma dieta basal semipurificada, à base de milho e farelo de soja, adicionada de cevada convencional, cevada com baixo fósforo fítico, milho convencional, milho com baixo fósforo fítico, farelo de soja convencional, farelo de soja com baixo fósforo fítico e de fosfato bicálcico em substituição ao amido de milho, de modo a fornecer 0,05 ou 0,10% de fósforo suplementar, totalizando 15 dietas [(3 × 2 × 2) + 3]. Semanalmente foram avaliados o peso vivo, o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar por parcela experimental. Ao final do experimento, aos 21 dias de idade, foram abatidas 3 aves por unidade experimental para remoção das tíbias esquerdas para análise do conteúdo de cinzas ósseas. A biodisponibilidade de fósforo do milho, da cevada e do farelo de soja convencionais foram de 18,5; 50,9 e 34,4% respectivamente, enquanto, para a do milho, da cevada e do farelo de soja com baixo fósforo fítico foram de 93,5; 132,9 e 90,9% respectivamente. O consumo de ração, o ganho de peso e a mineralização óssea das aves alimentadas com as dietas com baixo fósforo fítico foram superiores aos daquelas alimentadas com as dietas convencionais.
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