To describe how death and dying are approached in the medical undergraduate programs in Brazil and their repercussions for students, an integrative review of publications from 2008 to 2019 was carried out, resulting in a selection of 36 articles. The difficulties in approaching the theme related to the biomedical model of training, the organization of the curriculum, and the training of teacher were identified. Those affect students, causing psychic suffering and hindering the training process. Few curriculums approach psychosocial aspects related to death and dying, which are often approached for insufficient credit hours, inadequate methods, or as extracurricular activities. Solution proposals point to the necessity of investments in palliative care in the undergraduate programs. In conclusion, these themes need to be more thoroughly included in the National Curricular Directives of medicine programs, to foster a more humanitarian training, based on ethical principles, and which prepares students and professionals to deal with end-of-life situations
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Resumen Este texto describe cómo la graduación en Medicina en Brasil aborda la muerte y el morir y sus repercusiones al alumnado; para ello, se realizó una revisión integradora de 36 artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2019. Se identificaron las dificultades en el enfoque del tema relacionadas con el modelo biomédico de formación, la organización curricular y la formación docente. Esas dificultades generan sufrimiento psíquico a los estudiantes y perjudican su formación. Pocos currículos abordan los aspectos psicosociales en este tema y, muchas veces, lo hacen con inadecuados métodos, desde una insuficiente carga horaria o desde actividades extracurriculares. Para solucionarlo, es necesario plantear los cuidados paliativos en la graduación. Esta temática debe abordarse mejor en las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales de la carrera de medicina para garantizar una formación más humanitaria, basada en principios éticos y que prepara a los estudiantes y profesionales para enfrentar situaciones de final de la vida.
Introduction: Monitoring comprises a contribution tool in the teachinglearning process. It is an instrument that helps in the understanding, production and improvement of university knowledge, in addition to stimulating scientific initiation and university extension. The present work brings an innovative proposal of the modality, in which medical specialists guide students in the production of materials on themes in the area with virtual later dissemination, allowing an interaction of students from different regions. Objectives: Report on the experience of virtual monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the effectiveness of active methodologies for the digital use of resources. Experience report: The monitoring consisted of weekly online meetings, for three months, with clinical cases related to eight themes that were distributed and rotated among the monitors for the production of digital materials containing sub-themes within major touches, which is available for free on the networks monitoring. The following topics were discussed with: headache, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, seizures, vertigo, lowering of the sensory, neuroinfections and traumatic brain injury. Reflections on the experience: The active production process, as it is an effective learning method, reinforces the monitors’ knowledge on the themes and consolidates important skills. Conclusion: Online monitoring, in addition to being an alternative to the traditional face-to-face model, contributed to medical training in teaching, research and extension and in the development of other qualities, such as: interpersonal relationships, didactic language, encouraging teaching and improving the search and filtering data from the scientific literature.
Resumo A fim de descrever como a morte e o morrer são abordados na graduação médica no Brasil e suas repercussões para estudantes, realizou-se revisão integrativa de publicações ocorridas entre 2008 e 2019, resultando na seleção de 36 artigos. Identificaram-se dificuldades na abordagem do tema relacionadas ao modelo biomédico de formação, à organização dos currículos e à formação dos professores. Estas afetam os estudantes, trazendo sofrimento psíquico e prejudicando o processo de formação. Poucos currículos abordam aspectos psicossociais relacionados à morte e ao morrer, sendo frequentemente abordados com carga horária insuficiente, métodos inadequados ou como atividades extracurriculares. Propostas de solução apontam a necessidade de investimentos em cuidados paliativos na graduação. Conclui-se que essas temáticas precisam ser mais bem contempladas nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de cursos de medicina, de modo a garantir uma formação mais humanitária, pautada em princípios éticos, e que prepare estudantes e profissionais para lidar com situações de terminalidade.
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