EFEITO DE BORDA EM REMANESCENTES DE FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA NA BACIA DO RIO TAPACURÁ, PERNAMBUCO RESUMO: Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de borda sobre o componente arbóreo em dois fragmentos de Floresta Atlântica na Bacia do Rio Tapacurá-PE. Para amostragemdo componente adulto, foram plotadas 15 parcelas de 10 x 25 m e subparcelas de 1 x 25 m para a regeneração. As parcelas foram dispostas em três ambientes, cada uma com cinco unidades amostrais, conforme distância da borda. As comparações entre os ambientes foram realizadas por meio da composição de espécies, Diagrama de Venn e análise de agrupamento. A maior riqueza foi observada na área mais distante da borda e o maior número de indivíduos próximo à borda. Na Mata da Onça, os ambientes mais distantes da borda foram similares, porém são diferentes em composição e em estrutura, quando comparados com o ambiente mais próximo da margem do fragmento. Contudo, na Mata da Buchada, os dois primeiros ambientes próximos à borda foram similares. A interação, entre o ambiente antrópico e o fragmento, causa efeitos sobre a comunidade arbóreas áreas mais limítrofes do fragmento.
EDGE EFFECT IN ATLANTIC FOREST REMNANTS IN THE WATERSHED OF THE RIVER TAPACURÁ, PERNAMBUCOABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the edge effect on arboreal component of two Atlantic Forest fragments, in the Watershed of Tapacurá River, Pernambuco. For the sampling of the adult component 15 plots of 10 x 25 m were plotted and subplots of 1 x 25 m for the regeneration. The plots were arranged in three environments, with five sampling units each, according to distance from the edge. Comparisons between the environments were performed by specie composition, Venn diagram and cluster analysis. The greatest richness was observed in the area farther from the edge and the greatest number of individuals near the edge. In the Mata da Onça, the farthest edge environments were similar, but different in composition and structure as compared to the nearest environment. However, in the Mata da Buchada the first two environments near to the edge were similar. The interaction between the human environment and the fragment affects the arboreal community in the fragment edges.
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of land use types on nematode assemblage in sugarcane production in Pernambuco State, Brazil. One forest and two managed agricultural soils were characterized by their nematode assemblages to assess their biological characteristics. Soil samples were collected between 2009 and 2010 at three 10-cm depth increments along two 200-m transects with points at 20-m intervals from each other. Nematodes were extracted by sucrose centrifugation, and the physical properties of the soil were analysed, including soil mechanical resistance, bulk density, total porosity, water content, and texture. The effects of agricultural land management on the soil's physical properties and nematode assemblage composition were significant. Soil mechanical resistance has critical implications for the abundance and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in agricultural soils. Thus, a new approach is needed for the design and management of an integrated ecosystem mainly to optimize antagonistic systems to plant-parasitic nematodes.
Studies of nematode assemblages in natural ecosystems can contribute to better understanding of the occurrence, relevance, and ecology of plant-parasitic and other soil nematodes. Nematode assemblages and environmental parameters (organic matter, water content (WC), bulk density (BD), total porosity (Po), soil respiration, and soil texture) were investigated in two seasons (rainy and dry) in two forest areas of the Zona da Mata, Pernambuco State. The aim of our research was to evaluate the heterogeneity between two locations and seasons in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Structure and composition of the nematode assemblages differed between areas and across time. Rhabditidae dominated the rainy season in both forest soils. Rarefaction curves (RC) suggest that sampling to detect more nematode taxa should be more intensive in the rainy season. The forest soils have complex, stable soil food webs with high connectance and decomposition channels dominated by bacteria. The predator-prey relationships were not affected by changes in soil properties that fluctuate with time.
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