Internet of Things systems can not successfully realise the notion of ubiquitous connectivity of everything if they are not capable to truly include multimedia things. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of video streaming using RPL (Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks) by focusing on the impact of radio duty cycling on the quality of received video and the energy footprint of the network. To do so, we adopt a low complexity compression technique and use Cooja simulator to carry out our experiments. We use quality of service (QoS) as well as quality of experience (QoE) metrics to evaluate the quality of the received video. We mainly show that RPL along with ContikiMAC, the Contiki default radio duty cycling do not allow to handle real time video transmission in the context of constrained networks. However low rates up to 35 frames per minute are still possible with an acceptable quality.
RPL is the IETF standardized IPv6 Routing Protocol for Lowpower and lossy networks (LLNs). The major effort is therefore made on handling low data rate traffic. Meanwhile, the Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT) emerged as one hot topic of the Internet of Things (IoT). In LLNs, providing a descent quality of service (QoS) along with a user quality of experience (QoE) for multimedia applications is challenging. High bandwidth and significant computation capabilities are necessary while LLNs are very resource constrained. To raise the available bandwidth to accommodate high data rate applications, we propose to simultaneously transmit a flow on multiple disjoint paths. To do so, we exploit the DODAG structure, already maintained by RPL, to build disjoint paths without incurring extra overhead. To reduce the amount of data to send while considering the low computation resources of video sensors, we propose to apply a priority-based low-complexity encoding scheme on the captured pictures. Highest priority data can be replicated on more than one path. Our conducted experiments using simulations as well as a real testbed show that the best QoS and QoE are obtained when multiple paths are used along with the replication of highest priority data packets.
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