During the past years, several smartphone applications have been developed for radiation detection. These applications measure radiation using the smartphone camera complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor sensor. They are potentially useful for data collection and personal dose assessment in case of a radiological incident. However, it is important to assess these applications. Six applications were tested by means of irradiations with calibrated X-ray and gamma sources. It was shown that the measurement stabilises only after at least 10-25 min. All applications exhibited a flat dose rate response in the studied ambient dose equivalent range from 2 to 1000 μSv h(-1). Most applications significantly over- or underestimate the dose rate or are not calibrated in terms of dose rate. A considerable energy dependence was observed below 100 keV but not for the higher energy range more relevant for incident scenarios. Photon impact angle variation gave a measured signal variation of only about 10 %.

 Droplets composed of thin powder of Al2O3:C were prepared using a photo-curable polymer and present high spatial resolution.  Droplets coupled to optical fibres are suitable for 1D real time dosimetry in radiotherapy beams  The small size of droplets makes it suitable for small field size measurements and FFF modes. The Investigations of this article focus on the response of an Al 2 O 3 :C radioluminescence (RL) prototype for medical dosimetry in a 6 MV photon beam. The prototype can be configured using two types of detectors coupled to fiber-optic cables-single crystal (1x1x2 mm 3) and droplets (in two grain sizes, 38 and 4m, molded in r = 0.5 mm, l = 200 m). By using the appropriate filters in addition to time gating it is possible to remove disturbance present during irradiation: the stem effect. Pre-irradiation of the dosimeters to a dose of 300 Gy made the memory effects in Al 2 O 3 :C negligible, so as to not impair the dosimetric properties of the system. The key findings are that the system is suitable for small field beam dosimetry, while giving overall good dose response in other features (i.e., beam profile, dose rate-FF and FFF modes). The results show that our prototype can be used for real time dose rate assessment in medical photon dosimetry without many correction factors. The 4m RL measurement results are in excellent agreement (i.e. below 1%) with the dose delivered according to standard beam data.

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