BackgroundIn the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries epidemiology of Bronchial Asthma (BA) is poorly characterized. The objective of this analysis is to present the prevalence, burden and risk factors associated with BA in the CIS countries as part of the CORE study (Chronic Obstructive REspiratory diseases).MethodsA total of 2842 adults (≥18 years) were recruited (964 in Kiev, Ukraine, 945 in Almaty, Kazakhstan, and 933 in Baku, Azerbaijan) in 2013–2015 during household visits. A two-step cluster random sampling strategy was used. All respondents were interviewed about respiratory symptoms, smoking, medical history. Two definitions were used: (i) “doctor diagnosed asthma” when the respondent reported that he/she had ever been diagnosed with BA by a doctor, (ii) “wheezing symptoms” (when the respondent reported wheezing at the ATS Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire during the study) using GINA (2012) recommendations. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in proportions. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for association between risk factors and BA.ResultsPrevalence of “doctor diagnosed asthma” was 12.5, 19.0 and 26.8 per 1000 persons, and prevalence of “wheezing symptoms” was 74.4, 254.8 and 123.4 per 1000 in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Azerbaijan, respectively. Statistically significant relationship with “wheezing symptoms” was shown for smoking (OR 1.99 (CI 1.22–3.27) in Ukraine, 2.08 (CI 1.54–2.81) in Kazakhstan, 8.01 (CI 5.24–12.24) in Azerbaijan); overweight/obesity (OR: 1.66 (CI 1.02–2.72); 1.94 (CI 1.44–2.62); 1.77 (CI 1.18–2.68), respectively) and dusty work (OR: 3.29 (CI 1.57–6.89); 1.68 (CI 1.18–2.39); 2.36 (CI 1.56–3.59), respectively), and for tuberculosis in Azerbaijan (OR: 10.11 (CI 3.44–29.69)). Co-morbidities like hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, abnormal blood lipids and a history of pneumonia occurred significantly (p < 0.05) more frequently in respondents with BA compared to those without BA across all participating countries.ConclusionIn CIS countries (Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan) the prevalence of doctor diagnosed asthma was significantly lower compared to prevalence of wheezing symptoms underlining that BA is likely to be underreported in these countries. The information provided in this paper will be helpful for healthcare policy makers in CIS countries to instruct BA management strategies and to allocate healthcare resources accordingly.

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In the article, there have been presented the results of assessment of working conditions' impact on workers of a vessel metal hulls assembly shop of a machine building plant on levels of morbidity with temporal disability (MTD). The assessment of the working conditions has been made according to the results of the assessment of workplaces, the levels of MTD - on the ground of the longterm average annual indices for 2005-2014. The cause-and-effect relations between the working conditions and the MTD levels have been established by means of a comparison of the working conditions' classes according to the results of the workplaces' assessment and the MTD levels characterizing the impact of harmful factors on the most vulnerable human body organs and systems. According to the study results, it has been established that the MTD levels of the respiratory viral infections, diseases of the respiratory organs, diseases of the locomotor system and connective tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system were statistically significantly connected with the effect of low air temperatures, high concentrations of harmful chemical substances in the working zone air, high levels of local vibration and high labor burden.

In the article, there have been presented the results of the occupational diseases risk prediction in assemblers of vessel metal hulls (VMH) of the Northern Region Machine Building Plant. Assessment of the VMH assemblers working conditions has been made on the ground of the materials of the assessment of workplaces and sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the working conditions composed for the patients suspected of having occupational diseases according to Guidance Р 2.2.2006-05. The occupational diseases risk has been predicted on the ground of the hygienic criteria of assessment of working conditions, as well as the regulatory and methodical documents approved in the established procedure. It has been determined that according to the harmful factors impact stated in Guidance Р 2.2.2006-05, the VMH assemblers working conditions were referred to hazard classes 3.2 and 3.3 described by high antecedent risk of occupational diseases in the period of working activity, what was confirmed by the long-term average annual levels of occupational morbidity that significantly (p

Рабочая группа программы ПРОЛОГ Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины МЗ и СР РФ, Москва Артериальная гипертония в России: исследование «ПРОЛОГ» как способ доказательства возможностей современной терапии С.А. Шальнова, С.Ю. Марцевич, А.Д. Деев, Н.П. Кутишенко, Р.Г. Оганов. Рабочая группа программы ПРОЛОГ. Государственный научно-исследовательский центр профилактической медицины МЗ и СР РФ, Москва Цель. Доказать преимущества длительной контролируемой терапии АГ в сравнении с обычной стандартной терапией, назначаемой в реальной клинической практике больным мягкой и умеренной АГ. Материал и методы. Исследование было многоцентровым, рандомизированным, сравнительным, проспективным и проводилось в двух параллельных группах пациентов с мягкой и умеренной АГ. Одна группа пациентов (группа вмешательства) получала строго регламентированную ступенчатую терапию АГ (основанную на ингибиторе ангиотензинпревращающего фермента спираприле), а другая (контрольная группа) продолжала прием обычной стандартной гипотензивной терапии, назначенной врачом поликлиники или другого лечебного учреждения. Длительность исследования составляла 1 год. Результаты. Всего в исследование ПРОЛОГ было включено 1742 больных, из них 854 человека вошли в основную группу, 888 человек-в контрольную. Выбыли из исследования по различным причинам 220 больных, полностью завершили исследование 1522 человека. Мужчин было 651 (37,6%), женщин-1081 (62,4%). В обеих группах отмечалось существенное снижение АД, однако во все сроки наблюдения различия между систолическим и диастолическим АД в основной и контрольной группах были высокодостоверны. Целевые цифры АД (систолическое <140 мм рт.ст., диастолическое <90 мм рт.ст.) существенно чаще регистрировались у больных основной группы, чем у больных контрольной группы (соответственно 69,4% и 39,3% через 3 месяца лечения и 83,6% и 66,9% через 12 месяцев лечения). Заключение. Более значительное снижение систолического и диастолического АД и более частое достижение целевых цифр АД в результате контролируемой ступенчатой терапии АГ, основанной на Квадроприле, предполагает и лучшее влияние на прогноз жизни больных по сравнению с контрольной группой. Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, целевое АД, ингибиторы АПФ, ступенчатая терапия гипертонии.