Carboxylated-graphene-Mn 2 O 3 (G-COOMn) nanocomposites were grown as Mn 2 O 3 nanowires on graphene sheets by a one-step thermal method using graphene oxide-COOH (G-COOH) and Mn(NO 3 ) 2 .Graphene oxide (G) was prepared by the Hummers method by using graphite flakes as a starting material. G-COOH sheets were synthesized using G and chloroacetic acid (Cl-CH 2 -COOH). G, G-COOH, and G-COOMn were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13 C-nuclear magnetic resonance, and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the fabricated G-COOMn supercapacitor were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. The obtained results showed that the asymmetric supercapacitor had electrochemical capacitance performance within the potential range 0-0.7 V. The supercapacitor delivered a specific capacitance of $300 F g À1 at a current density of 50 mA cm À2 . The method used in this work provides an easy and straightforward approach for depositing Mn 2 O 3 nanowires on graphene sheets and may be readily extended to the preparation of other classes of hybrids based on G sheets for use in specific technological applications.
Mesoporous-type spherical hollow silica nanoparticles were prepared by using a self-assembled alanine-based amphiphile as a template and then were functionalized with curcumin molecules attached to the internal surface of the nanostructure by covalent bonding. The curcumin-immobilized mesoporous hollow silica nanoparticle (C-MHSP) was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET isotherms, FT-IR, Solid 13 C CP/MAS NMR and powder-XRD. SEM and TEM images revealed spherical structures (100-150 nm outer diameter) containing 90-140 nm hollow cavities with a worm-like structure. The N 2 adsorptiondesorption isotherms obtained at 77 K showed a typical type IV isotherm with 4.7 nm of pore size and 448.66 m 2 g À1 of surface area, respectively. Approximately 35% of the curcumin was selectively immobilized onto the internal surfaces of the mesoporous hollow silica particles by covalent bonds. The curcumin attached onto the internal surface of C-MHSP was efficiently released into the aqueous phase over 120 min at pH 10, indicating that the curcumin that was attached to the inside of the silica particle was effectively hydrolyzed by strong base. Our work provides a method by which the surface of the porous silica can be functionalized in a well-defined manner.
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