The trade relationship between small-scale growers and processing companies often plays an important role in determining the nature and extent of benefi ts derived from commercial forestry, and the distribution of these benefi ts. Many strategies are used by individual small-scale growers, village communities, companies and government agencies to form partnerships to undertake commercial forestry-including outgrower schemes, land leasing by companies, and using intermediary brokers between small-scale growers and processors. This article reports on the key fi ndings of a three-year research project that explored different business partnerships used in commercial forestry in Australia and Indonesia, and identifi ed the critical factors for benefi cial and enduring partnerships. The key lessons from this research are that, for many small-scale growers to form successful partnerships with other investors, they need: • increased knowledge of the operations and components of commercial forestry; • improved access to competitive markets; • increased knowledge of the dynamics of forest product markets; • improved capacity of local farmer forest groups to share experiences and information, and build their knowledge of commercial forestry; and • reduced administrative and fi nancial burden imposed by government on small-scale forestry operations.
Due to the increasing competition from China and Southeast Asia countries, many Taiwanese companies have to invest in a foreign country in order to maintain a competitive advantage. However, the risk in foreign investment is much higher than in domestic investment because most of the companies are not familiar with the situation and culture of the foreign country. Therefore, the company has to be caution in making a foreign investment decision. The objective of this study is to investigate the investment motivation and managerial problems of Cambodia's Taiwanese companies by using the questionnaire method. The methodology used in this study is a questionnaire approach. Totally 46 valid replies from companies were received. The results showed that motivations for more than half of Taiwanese companies are no exchange control and developing market. The major problems faced by Taiwanese companies are: poor administrative efficiency, insufficient infrastructure, insufficient power supply and high cost, difficulty in managing employees due to cultural differences. Hopefully, the result of this study can be used as a reference for Taiwanese companies seeking investment in Cambodia. More updated information is needed in further research to compare the current and earlier situations.
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