The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level 940 nm laser therapy with energy intensities of 5, 10 and 20 J/cm 2 on bone healing in an animal model. A total of 48 female adult Wistar rats underwent surgery to create bone defects in the right tibias. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was applied immediately after surgery and on post-operative days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 in three study groups with energy intensities of 5 J/cm 2 , 10 J/cm 2 and 20 J/cm 2 using a 940 nm Gallium-Aluminium-Arsenide (Ga-Al-As) laser, while one control group underwent only the tibia defect surgery. All animals were sacrificed 4 or 8 weeks post-surgery. Fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts and newly formed vessels were evaluated by a histological examination. No significant change was observed in the number of osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and newly formed vessels at either time period across all laser groups. Although LLLT with the 10 J/cm 2 energy density increased fibroblast activity at the 4th week in comparison with the 5 and 20 J/cm 2 groups, no significant change was observed between the laser groups and the control group. These results indicate that low-level 940 nm laser with different energy intensities may not have marked effects on the bone healing process in both phases of bone formation.
Displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus and related anatomic structures is a rare, but increasingly reported complication. Diagnosis of the affected structures related with maxillary sinus and determining the exact position of the dental implant are essential before the removal procedure of the migrated dental implant. After a clinical and radiological examination, an indicated procedure for every case should be decided. In this presented clinical case reports, migrated dental implants into the maxillary sinus cavity in the healing period and the management of this complication were described.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.