The swelling of intact, exposed primate cerebral cortex perfused in vioo under, isosmotic conditions was a linear function of the concentration of K + in perfusate over the range 25-117 mM. The K+-dependent swelling was manifested throughout the depth
Summary. 1. The swelling of intact primate cerebral cortex perfused under isosmotic conditions in vivo, like swelling of slices of mammalian cerebral cortex incubated in vitro, is a linear function of the concentration of K + in the extracellular fluid over the range 20--120 raM.2. The simultaneous presence of the C1-ion is required for the development of K+-dependent swelling of cerebral cortex under various experimental conditions in vivo and in vitro.3. The maintenance of previously established K+-dependent swelling of cerebral cortex both in vitro and in vivo requires the relative concentrations of both K + and C1-in the extracellular fluid to remain constant. A reduction in the concentration of either ion is associated with an absolute loss of fluid of swelling of cerebral cortex.4. The content of C1-in cerebral cortex is a function of the magnitude of K +-dependent swelling even though the concentration of C1-in the extracellular fluid is maintained constant.5. The mechanism of swelling in primate cerebral cortex follo~ng cerebral circulatory arrest is discussed in the light of the experimental findings, as a model of the type of brain injury encountered in massive clinical stroke.
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