During the summer of 1955, mass arsenic poisoning of bottle-fed infants occurred in the western part of Japan due to contaminated milk powder, and more than 100 died; some childhood victims were later found to suffer from neurological sequelae in adolescence. This unique incident enabled us to explore infancy as a critical period of 5 arsenic exposure in regard to developmental neurotoxicity and its possible persistence through adulthood. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the association between developmental arsenic exposure and the neurological outcomes more than 50 years later.We conducted a retrospective cohort study during the period from April 2012 to Grooved pegboard test -were substantially below those obtained by the unexposed. The exposed group showed average performance at least 1.2 standard deviations below the 20 average for the controls. Exposed participants performed less well than controls, even after exclusion of subjects with recognized disabilities or those with a high level of education. Adults who had suffered arsenic poisoning during infancy revealed neuropsychological dysfunctions, even among those subjects not recognized as having 4 disabilities. Developmental neurotoxicity due to arsenic likely results in permanent changes in brain functions.
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