Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) diagnosis is still a challenge in endemic areas with limited diagnostic resources. This study proposes a score with the potential to distinguish positive CVL cases from negative ones. We studied 265 dogs that tested positive for CVL on ELISA and parasitological tests. A score ranging between 0 and 19 was recorded on the basis of clinical signs. Dogs with CVL had an overall higher positivity of the majority of clinical signs than did dogs without CVL or with ehrlichiosis. Clinical signs such as enlarged lymph nodes (83.93%), muzzle/ear lesions (55.36%), nutritional status (51.79%), bristle condition (57.14%), pale mucosal colour (48.21%), onychogryphosis (58.93%), skin lesion (39.28%), bleeding (12.50%), muzzle depigmentation (41.07%), alopecia (39.29%), blepharitis (21.43%), and keratoconjunctivitis (42.86%) were more frequent in dogs with CVL than in dogs with ehrlichiosis or without CVL. Moreover, the clinical score increased according to the positivity of all diagnostic tests (ELISA, p < 0.001; parasite culture, p = 0.0021; and smear, p = 0.0003). Onychogryphosis (long nails) [odds ratio (OR): 3.529; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.832-6.796; p < 0.001], muzzle depigmentation (OR: 4.651; 95% CI: 2.218-9.750; p < 0.001), and keratoconjunctivitis (OR: 5.400; 95% CI: 2.549-11.441; p < 0.001) were highly associated with CVL. Interestingly, a score cut-off value ≥ 6 had an area under the curve of 0.717 (p < 0.0001), sensitivity of 60.71%, and specificity of 73.64% for CVL diagnosis. The clinical sign-based score for CVL diagnosis suggested herein can help veterinarians reliably identify dogs with CVL in endemic areas with limited diagnostic resources.
RESUMO.Os otohematomas ou hematomas aurais são alterações resultantes de um acúmulo de sangue dentro da cartilagem auricular, ocasionados por diversos fatores, como otites de variadas etiologias. Existem vários procedimentos clínicos e cirúrgicos para o tratamento do otohematoma, porém nem todos trazem resultados satisfatórios. Este relato tem por objetivo relatar o caso de um felino, sem raça definida, de quatro anos e quatro meses de idade, diagnosticado com hematoma aural recidivante, devido à otite. Palavras chave: Felino, hematoma aural, otite Aural hematoma in young cat: Case reportAbstract. Otohematoma or aural hematoma are affections defined as an accumulation of blood within the atrial cartilage, caused by several factors, such as otitis of many etiologies. There are several clinical and surgical procedures for the treatment of otohematoma, but few with satisfactory results. The purpose of this arcticle is to report a case of a four year and four months old feline, diagnosed with recurrent aural hematoma due to otitis.
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