In this paper, we analyze the achievable capacity of the secondary service for overlay and underlay access strategies. We then propose a novel mixed access strategy in which in contrast to the underlay strategy, the secondary service transmits during the idle periods without considering the interference threshold constraint. In contrast to the overlay strategy, mixed strategy makes transmission during the busy periods with a probability p a subject to satisfying the interference threshold constraint. Parameter p a is a secondary service parameter, which can be adjusted based on the spectrum status. Moreover, we show that the secondary service can adjust p a to select appropriate access strategy with the objective of maximizing the achieved capacity based on the interference at the secondary service receiver, I, imposed by the primary service transmitter. The proposed spectrum-sharing technique developed in this paper based on I significantly reduces the system complexity comparing to the system in which for spectrum sharing, the imposed interference at the primary receiver is required. We further suggest a simple power allocation scheme for the mixed strategy that its achieved capacity is very close to the maximum achievable capacity of the secondary service.

In this paper, we propose a downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) transmission scheme, which is assisted by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) consisting of a large number of passive reflecting elements. In the literature, it has been proved that nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can achieve the capacity region when the quasi-degradation condition is satisfied, which is characterized by users' channels. However, in a conventional communication scenario, it is difficult to guarantee the quasi-degradation, because the channels are determined by the propagation environments and cannot be reconfigured. To overcome this difficulty, we focus on an IRS-assisted MISO NOMA system, where the wireless channels can be effectively tuned. We optimize the beamforming vectors and the IRS phase shift matrix for minimizing transmission power. Furthermore, we propose an improved quasi-degradation condition by using IRS, which can ensure that NOMA achieves the capacity region with high possibility.For a comparison, we study zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) as well, where the beamforming vectors and the IRS phase shift matrix are also jointly optimized. Comparing NOMA with ZFBF, it is shown that, with the same IRS phase shift matrix and the improved quasi-degradation condition, NOMA always outperforms ZFBF. At the same time, we identify the condition under which ZFBF outperforms NOMA, which motivates the proposed hybrid NOMA transmission. Simulation results show that the proposed IRS-assisted MISO system outperforms the MISO case without IRS, and the hybrid NOMA transmission scheme always achieves better performance than orthogonal multiple access.

Abstract-In this letter, a joint transmit scheduling and dynamic sub-carrier and power allocation method is proposed to exploit multi-user diversity in downlink packet transmission in an OFDM wireless network with mixed real-time and non-real-time traffic patterns. To balance efficiency and fairness and to satisfy the QoS requirements of real-time users, we utilize a utility-based framework and propose a polynomial-time heuristic algorithm to solve the formulated optimization problem. The distinguishing feature of the proposed method is that it gives in one shot, the transmission scheduling, the sub-carriers assigned to each user, and the power allocated to each sub-carrier, based on a fair and efficient framework while satisfying the delay requirements of real-time users.

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