Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors in human worldwide. Angiogenesis is a pivotal process during osteosarcoma development. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) has been reported to promote angiogenesis. However, the role of 3' untranslational region (3'UTR) of IGF1 mRNA in angiogenic activity in osteosarcomas is still unknown. In the present study, we performed gain-of-function assays to investigate the role of IGF1-3'UTR in angiogenesis. For the first time, we demonstrated that IGF1 3'UTR increased VEGF expression and promotes angiogenesis in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, RNA-immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays showed that IGF1 3'UTR was a direct target of miR-29s. Our data also demonstrated that there existed a competition of miR-29s between IGF1-3'UTR and VEGF mRNA, and IGF1-3'UTR promoted angiogenesis at least in part via sponging miR-29s. Taken together, our study suggests that IGF1-3'UTR functions as a ceRNA in promoting angiogenesis by sponging miR-29s in osteosarcoma.
BackgroundFindings regarding the association of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs4986790 and rs4986791 in Toll-like receptor 4 and rs187084, rs574386, and rs352139 in Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) susceptibility are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to systematically summarize and clarify the association between these SNPs and PTB susceptibility.Material/MethodsA systematic literature search for relevant studies up to December, 2014 was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases. Information was gathered from each eligible study. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to pool the effect size.ResultsFinally, a total of 16 case-control studies on these polymorphisms were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results suggest there was no association between these polymorphisms and PTB risk PTB risk in all the genetic models overall. However, for TLR4 rs4986791, a significant increased PTB risk was found in Africans, and for TLR9 rs352139 a significant increased PTB risk was found in Asians after subgroup analysis by ethnicity, although the enrolled studies were limited.ConclusionsThere was no association between the polymorphisms in TLR4 and 9 and PTB risk overall, but TLR4 rs4986791 and TLR9 rs352139 might be associated with increased PTB risk in Africans and Asians, respectively. Additional well-designed, larger-scale epidemiological studies are needed to validate our results.
The most common pathogens responsible for viral encephalitis in Cangzhou, Hebei province, China, were EVs, and the multiplex RT-PCR was a rapid, sensitive, accurate method of testing the viruses responsible for causing these illnesses.
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