Activation of satellite
glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is involved in
mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. The upregulated P2Y12 receptor expressed in SGCs of the DRG participates in the nociceptive
transmission of neuropathic pain. Guanfu base A (GFA) has been reported
to exhibit antiarrhythmic and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study,
we explored the effects of GFA on P2Y12 receptor-mediated
mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in chronic constriction injury
(CCI) rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into
sham operation group (Sham), CCI operation group (CCI), CCI rats treated
with guanfu base A group (CCI + GFA) and control rats treated with
GFA group (Ctrl + GFA). Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal
withdrawal latency were measured. P2Y12 expression in L4–L6
dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was detected by quantitative real-time
PCR and Western blot. After CCI treatment, mechanical and thermal
hyperalgesia and the expression values of P2Y12 receptor
mRNA and protein in DRG were increased. Dual-labeling immunofluorescence
showed that the coexpression of P2Y12 receptor and glial
fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the DRG of CCI rats was increased
compared to sham rats. GFA relieved mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia
in the CCI rats, decreased the expression of P2Y12 mRNA
and protein and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the DRG, and increased
the ADP-downregulated cAMP concentrations in HEK293 cells transfected
with P2Y12 plasmid. After CCI rats were treated with GFA,
the coexpression of P2Y12 receptor and GFAP in the DRG
was significantly decreased compared to the untreated CCI group. Thus,
downregulating the P2Y12 receptor relieved mechanical and
thermal hyperalgesia in the CCI rats.
Abstract-Malaysia retains a complete system of Chinese education and Chinese teachers' role as the machine tool of Malaysian Chinese education. This paper is designed to provide reference for the training of international Chinese teachers by analyzing the unique advantages of Chinese teachers' development in Malaysia, and teasing out the present situation, characteristics and existing problems of Chinese teachers training.
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