1The objective of this work was to provide means to obtain genetic gain in apomictic species of the genus Paspalum by identifying traits that simultaneously show high correlation and heritability. Thus, to determine the amount of phenotypic variation due to genetic and environmental effects and the degree of association between leaf dry matter production and other traits of forage interest that are easy to select and measure will bring agility and economy in the selection of forage species. The experiment was conducted in the years 2009/10 and 2010/11 in the municipalities of Eldorado do Sul and Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The increase in the direct selection pressure on total and leaf dry matter of apomictic accesses of the genus Paspalum is enhanced by a greater contribution of genetic effects than environmental effects on the composition of the phenotypic variance. Efficient genetic gain in leaf production is achieved by indirect selection of total dry matter, which is a trait of high heritability and easy to select and measure.
Selection of improved genotypes is important for pasture-based feeding systems in subtropical regions. Our goal was to identify hybrids of Paspalum with enhanced forage yield and cold tolerance across 2 sites [Bagé and Eldorado do Sul (ES)], in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We evaluated 19 P. plicatulum × P. guenoarum hybrids, P. plicatulum genotype 4PT, P. guenoarum cultivars Azulão and Baio and, as Control, Megathyrsus maximus cv. Aruana. At both sites, the experimental design was a completely randomized block with 4 replications. Total dry mass (total-DM), leaf-DM and cold tolerance (ColdT) were recorded. At Bagé, hybrid 102069 produced higher total-DM and leaf-DM than the progenitors and cv. Aruana, while at ES, hybrids 102069 and 10308 produced higher total-DM than 4PT, Azulão and Aruana; hybrid 102069 had higher leaf-DM. At Bagé, 16 hybrids displayed ColdT similar to their progenitors and higher than Aruana, while at ES, 12 hybrids showed ColdT similar to Azulão and Baio and higher than 4PT and Aruana. This study demonstrated that hybrids of Paspalum with superior forage yield to their progenitors and Aruana, and hybrids with higher ColdT than 4PT and Aruana are in existence. The hybridization technique shows potential for producing alternative genotypes with higher forage yield and ColdT for sowing in subtropical regions.
RESUMO -O objetivo neste trabalho foi selecionar genótipos mais produtivos e persistentes de trevo-branco (Trifolium repens L.) por meio da avaliação agronômica de suas progênies. Foi avaliada a produção de matéria seca (MS) de 22 progênies comparadas à população UFRGS-2004-2 e à cultivar Jacuí de trevo-branco consorciadas com azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) durante os anos de 2008 e 2009. A média de produção de MS de trevo-branco durante os dois anos foi de 3.671 e 2.107 kg/ha em Eldorado do Sul e Bagé, respectivamente. Em Eldorado do Sul e Bagé, a cultivar Jacuí com mais 13 progênies formaram os grupos com maior produção. Sete progênies ficaram no grupo "a" em ambos os locais, enquanto somente a população UFRGS e uma progênie apresentaram menores produções nos dois locais, havendo interação genótipo × ambiente. As progênies 2, 6 e 7 oriundas de Bagé e 22 (Etiópia), 23 (Portugal), 24 (Estados Unidos) e 30 (Irlanda) podem ser utilizadas na formação de uma cultivar sintética mais produtiva e persistente as condições do verão.Palavras-chave: genótipos, leguminosa forrageira, produção, Trifolium repens L. Agronomic evaluation of white clover polycrosses progenies in two locations of Rio Grande do SulABSTRACT -The aim of this work was to select higher yielding and persistent genotypes, evaluating their progenies agronomically. The DM yield of 22 progenies compared with the population of UFRGS-2004-2 and with the Jacuí cultivar of white clover mixed with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), during the years 2008 and 2009 was evaluated. The average DM yield of white clover during the two years was 3671 and 2107 kg/ha, in Eldorado do Sul and Bagé, respectively. In Eldorado do Sul and Bagé the Jacuí cultivar with thirteen more progenies formed groups with higher production. Seven progenies were in the group "a" in both places, whereas only the population of UFRGS and one progeny had lower production in both sites, with genotype × environment interaction. Progenies 2, 6 and 7 from Bage and 22 (Ethiopia), 23 (Portugal), 24 (United States) and 30 (Ireland), can be utilized in the creation of a more productive and synthetic cultivar, in addition to being more resistant to summer conditions.
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