A successful development of low cost floating culture system (FCS) has opened an opportunity for local farmers to cultivate vegetables during prolonged flooding at riparian wetlands. Research was aimed to identify the optimal depth of water-substrate interface (WSI) and optimal rate of NPK fertilizer application (RFA) in cultivating green apple eggplant using the FCS. Depths of WSI were adjusted to 0, 1, 3, and 6 cm and substrate was enriched with 8.4, 12.6, and 16.8 g NPK per pot. The enriched substrates were contained in pots and placed on floating rafts with variable WSI depths. Experiment was arranged in Split Plot Design. WSI was assigned as main plot and RFA was as subplot. The results exhibited that direct contact between water surface and substrate significantly increased water moisture content, enhanced shoot growth, and increased fruit yield, regardless the WSI depths. However, WSI treatments decreased SPAD value and restricted root elongation when WSI depth was more than 3 cm. The RFA treatments up to 16.8 g per pot could enhance shoot and root growth, and increased the fruit yield. This yield increase was associated with the increasing number of fruits, not the fruit size.
Wetland areas in Indonesia cover more than 33,3 million hectares, and slightly less than 40 % is inland swamp. During the rainy season, for up to 9 months annually, the wetlands are flooded, and no conventional agricultural activities can be done by local farmers. However, this condition can be seen as an opportunity to employ floating culture system. The objective of this research was to evaluate responses of leaf celery to floating culture system with different depths of water-substrate interface and NPK-fertilizer application. The results of this study indicated that the depth of water-substrate interface (WSI) should be maintained between 1 to 3 cm. At less than 1 cm, continuous contact between the water surface and the bottom part of the substrate cannot be ensured; meanwhile, aerobic substrate volume was reduced and caused significant effects on growth and yield in celery plants if WSI was deeper than 3 cm. Moreover, the effectiveness of NPK-fertilizer application was weakened if the depth of WSI was at 6 cm. Fresh leaf yield in celery plants harvested at 45 days after transplanting (DAT) can be predicted as early as 3 weeks earlier using the midrib length of the largest leaf or plant height as a predictor measured at 26 DAT. HIGHLIGHTS Depth of water-substrate interface (WSI) should be maintained between 1 to 3 cm for better growth and higher yield in floating culture system Effects of NPK fertilizer application diminished if WSI deeper than 3 cm Yield of celery harvested at 45 days after transplanting can be predicted as earlier as 3 weeks using midrib length of the largest leaf or plant height as predictor GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Jaya KK, Lakitan B, Bernas SM. 2020. Tiller size and water table effects in celery growth on floating cultivation system. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(2): 184-191.Riparian wetland is highly available and potential suboptimal lands for an alternative solution in extending agricultural activity, but several constrains need to be resolved. The objective of this study was to improve the diversification of vegetables for increasing riparian wetland with utilizing floating cultivation system. This study was conducted From November until December 2019 in Jakabaring (104°46’4” E; 3°01’35” S) Palembang. The design of experiments used in this study was arranged in split plot-completely randomized design with 2 factors (main plot and sub-plot). Main plot was the height of water table, namely: R1 (1 cm upper raft surface), R5 (5 cm upper raft surface), and R10 (10 cm upper raft surface). Sub-plot was the size of celery tiller, i.e., B1 (big size) and B2 (small size). Each combination treatment consisted of five replication. Results showed that there was no any significant effect on water table and tiller size combination treatments in all observed variables, such as: plant height, leaf area, number of petioles, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of shoot and roots. But, root length was significant different in water table treatment. Therefore, cultivated celery using floating culture system from tiller of parent plants can be an alternative to increase agriculture activity by shortening the planting period to increase vegetable diversification in riparian wetland.
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