one-layer wound dressings cannot meet all the clinical needs due to their individual characteristics and shortcomings. Therefore, bilayer wound dressings which are composed of two layers with different properties have gained lots of attention. in the present study, polycaprolactone/gelatin (pcL/Gel) scaffold was electrospun on a dense membrane composed of polyurethane and ethanolic extract of propolis (pU/eep). the pU/eep membrane was used as the top layer to protect the wound area from external contamination and dehydration, while the PCL/Gel scaffold was used as the sublayer to facilitate cells' adhesion and proliferation. the bilayer wound dressing was investigated regarding its microstructure, mechanical properties, surface wettability, anti-bacterial activity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and its efficacy in the animal wound model and histopathological analyzes. Scanning electron micrographs exhibited uniform morphology and bead-free structure of the PCL/Gel scaffold with average fibers' diameter of 237.3 ± 65.1 nm. Significant anti-bacterial activity was observed against Staphylococcal aureus (5.4 ± 0.3 mm), Escherichia coli (1.9 ± 0.4 mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1.0 ± 0.2 mm) according to inhibition zone test. The bilayer wound dressing exhibited high hydrophilicity (51.1 ± 4.9°), biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The bilayer wound dressing could significantly accelerate the wound closure and collagen deposition in the Wistar rats' skin wound model. taking together, the pU/eep-pcL/Gel bilayer wound dressing can be a potential candidate for biomedical applications due to remarkable mechanical properties, biocompatibility, antibacterial features, and wound healing activities. Skin is always at the exposer of different types of damages 1. Severe skin damages can be life-threatening due to loss of human body fluids, electrolytes, and nutritional components from the wound area. Therefore, wound dressings have gained lots of attention 2. An ideal wound dressing should protect the wound from external contaminants and facilitate the healing process. However, one-layer wound dressings cannot meet all the clinical needs due to their individual characteristics and shortcomings. Therefore, bilayer wound dressings which are

In this study, the association of exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors was investigated on 132 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years living in Isfahan, Iran. Potential contributors to BPA exposure were assessed by a questionnaire. Total BPA was detected in urine samples of all participants without significant difference in boys and girls. The mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) increased significantly across the BPA tertiles (p for trend = < 0.001). Similar trend was documented for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) as well as fasting blood sugar. The risk of obesity was 12.48 times higher in participants in the third tertile of BPA than in others (95% CI: 3.36-46.39, p < 0.001). The current study showed significant association between BPA exposure with obesity and some cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents, however, further longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical effects of this finding. Abbreviations: BMI: Body Mass Index; BPA: Bisphenol A; BSTFA: N, O-Bistrifluoroacetamide; CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CI: Circumference Interval; DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure; DLLME: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method; FBS: Fasting Blood Glucose; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OR: Odd Ratio; PA: Physical Activity; SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; WC: Waist Circumference.

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