Decarbonization of long-haul trucks, which are the backbone of global supply chains, is necessary to meet climate goals. Currently, battery electric and conventional hydrogen powertrains are not cost-competitive solutions against diesel. Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs) are a promising fuel option that benefits from synergies with existing retail fuel distribution infrastructure, providing a cost-effective way to transport hydrogen energy. LOHCs are now used to deliver hydrogen gas to refueling stations, where it is then compressed and used to fuel trucks. However, this approach incurs ∼50% energy loss from the endothermic dehydrogenation and compression of hydrogen. We discuss an alternative concept based on onboard hydrogen release to address these pain points. We highlight recent advances in dehydrogenation reactor design, catalyst technologies, and hydrogen combustion engines that are relevant to the proposed system. Deficiencies in current technologies are discussed, along with potential research directions to address them. Initial analysis shows that the LOHC option, charged with blue hydrogen, achieves rough cost parity with diesel. The estimated well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions for this option are approximately one-third of diesel. Based on our analysis, LOHC-powered trucks featuring onboard dehydrogenation are a promising option to decarbonize long-haul trucking. However, making this option a reality will require dedicated study and development of core components for the power-dense, efficient, and robust onboard release of hydrogen from LOHCs along with efficient heat integration between the engine and the dehydrogenation reactor.
Palm production chains in Colombia have some unsatisfied demands that affect their competitiveness. Specific demands include efficiency in energy use. Therefore, in the present report, an exergy analysis for the dual crude palm and kernel oil production process was carried out to determine the main energy sinks and suggest technological improvements that allow better use of energy. For this study, the process was initially simulated in the Aspen Plus ® software, where the chemical and physical exergies of the species and streams involved were quantified. The process irreversibilities, the exergy loss, the exergy of waste, and the exergy of utilities were calculated for each stage and the whole process. An overall exergy efficiency of 18% was achieved, while the highest process irreversibilities contribution was due to the destroyed exergy with the waste in the threshing stage. To increasing the global exergy efficiency of dual crude palm and kernel oil production, it is proposed the evaluation of palm rachis use to obtain biofuels and/or high-value products.
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