Potato yellow vein virus (PYVV) is currently one of the most important viruses that infects potatoes in Colombia and other Andean countries, causing losses in the production of tubers ranging from 25% to 50%. This study analyzed the genetic variability of different viral isolates collected in the department of Nariño, Colombia, through bioinformatics analysis of the sequences of three genes encoding the capsid protein (CP), the heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and the minor capsid protein (CPm). We found that CPm is the gene that shows greater diversity, with higher values of nucleotide substitution and evidence of recombination. Based on an analysis of the haplotype map using nucleotide sequences of the CPm, we propose a model of putative recombination in this genomic region. The non-recombinant segments are supported by the results of the program GARD (Genetic Algorithm for Recombination Detection), phylogenetic trees and the paired values of genetic distances of each non-recombinant segments. The model clearly shows that the amino region of the CPm is prone to recombination. To our knowledge, this is the first report of genetic recombination as an evolutionary strategy in the CPm of PYVV.
ResumenInvenciones verdaderamente revolucionarias han promovido el cambio de pensamiento y la manera de trabajar en el ámbito del laboratorio. Una de estas invenciones es la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, la cual ha aportado de manera significativa al conocimiento científico. Las diferentes metodologías que aplican la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa han permitido a los investigadores manipular la información genética de los organismos, facilitando procedimientos como la clonación y la secuenciación, entre otros, lo cual agilizó significativamente los resultados del Proyecto Genoma Humano. Existe diversidad de variantes de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa convencional. Este escrito tiene por objetivo presentar una revisión sobre el tema, especialmente sobre la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real, debido a las ventajas que ofrece.Palabras clave: agentes intercalantes, cuantificación absoluta, cuantificación relativa, curvas de calibración, gen normalizador, sondas fluorogénicas. Abstract Silver anniversary of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)Truly revolutionary inventions have promoted the change of thought and the way to work in the laboratory. One of these inventions is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which has contributed significantly to the scientific knowledge. The different methodologies that use the polymerase chain reaction have allowed investigators to manipulate the genetic information of organisms, facilitating procedures like cloning and sequencing, among others, which sped the Human Genome Project results significantly. There are several variants of the conventional polymerase chain reaction. This work tries to present a revision on the subject, especially on the Real-time polymerase chain reaction, due to the advantages that it offers.
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