The application of artificial intelligence in the retail industry has exposed many innovation opportunities and significantly impacts consumer behavior. Based on the social presence, retailer innovativeness, and self-determination theories, this study constructs an integrated and original framework for elucidating the influence mechanism of the social characteristics of anthropomorphic intelligent services (chatbots) on consumer behavioral intentions. An empirical study of Chinese consumers (n = 442) reveals the following: first, the social presence of chatbots exerts a direct and positive impact on retailer experience innovativeness and intimacy; second, retailer experiential innovativeness, intimacy, and sense of empowerment mediate the influence of the social presence of chatbots on consumers' behavioral intentions; third, the cute communication styles in the low-level social presence are very conducive for promoting the relationships between social presence and experiential innovativeness. By improving the level of social presence, formal communication styles can play a key role in promoting relationships. Theoretically, this study contributes to the social presence theory by extending it to the interaction with retailer experiential innovativeness and exploring the chain-like mediating role of experiential innovativeness, as well as the self-determined satisfaction between the social presence and consumer behavior intentions. Furthermore, this study also examines how different chatbot communication styles moderate the influence of social presence on consumers' behavioral intentions, thereby revealing the differential effects and boundary conditions of chatbot social presence on consumer behaviors. These findings will offer retailers insights into consumers' psychological activities to practically design chatbots and conduct smart retail innovation activities. | INTRODUCTIONThe existing literature defines a chatbot as "a computer program, which simulates human language employing a text-based dialogue system" (Zumstein & Hundertmark, 2017; p.98) that is supported by advanced mobile technology, cloud technology, big data, and biometrics, while relying on natural language processing, such as text and semantic analyses, to generate answers from databases or networks through the knowledge graph (Huang & Rust, 2021). Chatbots, which are utilized in many fields, are generally run as chat programs. For example, the chatbots employed by Taobao's "Ali Xiaomi" and JD's "JIMI" enable customers to improve their chat experience through social language. Further, the virtual assistant, "M," which was created by Facebook, can help users shop, book hotels, and organize trips over the network. In China, chatbots are highly valued by industries and academia. A survey by iResearch predicted that the Chinese chatbot market size, which exhibits a continuous growth trend, would reach 1.40 and 2.71 billion Yuan in 2019 and 2020, respectively; it is
Let K ⊆ R be the unique attractor of an iterated function system. We consider the case where K is an interval and study those elements of K with a unique coding. We prove under mild conditions that the set of points with a unique coding can be identified with a subshift of finite type. As a consequence of this, we can show that the set of points with a unique coding is a graph-directed selfsimilar set in the sense of Mauldin and Williams [15]. The theory of Mauldin and Williams then provides a method by which we can explicitly calculate the Hausdorff dimension of this set. Our algorithm can be applied generically, and our result generalises the work of [4], [10], [11], and [5].
Using techniques introduced by C. Güntürk, we prove that the attractors of a family of overlapping self-affine iterated function systems contain a neighbourhood of zero for all parameters in a certain range. This corresponds to giving conditions under which a single sequence may serve as a 'simultaneous β-expansion' of different numbers in different bases.
In this paper we consider a class E of self-similar sets with overlaps. In particular, for a self-similar set E ∈ E and k = 1, 2, • • • , ℵ 0 or 2 ℵ0 we investigate the Hausdorff dimension of the subset U k (E) which contains all points x ∈ E having exactly k different codings. This generalizes many results obtained in [4] and [3].
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